B | b 2 fe JULY 1991
- : $ 4.95
MACAT IE
or SINCLAIR COMPUTERS
THE Z88 unpER 2 Lbs.
A Computer Without Compromise
ve 15208 wemerse {DATE EORPUTER SYSTERS
PO. Box 1995
Peel, fidiana 46970
MEWS Alo Mev SRO00UCTS
& UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS +
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS is Edited and Published by Carol and Frank
Davis of P.O. Box 1095, Peru, Indiana 46970. Phone number is
317-475-8031, with normal phone hours being between 5 P.M. and 9:30
P.M. Eastern Time during the week and Noon > 6 P.M. on weeke ‘
we are not there or unavailable, please leave a message with our
anewering machine. Unless urgent you will be answered by mail.
@ month
Mailing date for all issues is the fifteenth of the i
The magazine 1g published on s& quarterly basis in the months of
Gctober, January, April and July. All subecriptions begin and end at
the same time...first issue being Gctober and all renewals coming due
after receipt of the July issue. The cost is $18.00 U.S. for a one year
subseription for North America, and for those outside of this area
£20.00 U.S. We accept personal and business checks, money orders and to
obtain back issues prior to October 1990, please contact the former
Publisher, Bill Jones at 1317 Stratford Ave., Panama City, Florida
32404, He will gladly provide you with the needed issues and
information. The use of a Self Addressed Stamped Envelope would be
appreciated and help to speed a reply
Assistance in Publishing this magazine is provided by Eliad P. Wannum,
poet, computer user and all round good guy. The magazine is made
possible by the regular contributors such as Peter Hale, Bill Cable, Al
Feng, Bob Hartung to name a few, and by the many contributions of other
writers and programmers. Your contributions to this magazine are
welcome. This is truly a magazine BY THE USER AND FOR THE USER OF
SINCLAIR, TIMEX AND CAMBRIDGE COMPUTERS. When we cover other operating
systems such as CPH or MSDOS it will be in relationship to our
computers or emulators for our systems to run their software. We
primarily cover disk based systems and software for the TS2068,
Spectrum, QL, Z88,..and will cover items on the 151000 if disk drive
based or in relationship to using it with the above mentioned
computers. Ve do accept reviews of peripherals that are useable by our
systems, such as scanners, printers, modems, etc. Submissions should be
on dick or hard copy (two copies and at least NLQ, no draft mode). If
there is artwork, please let us know in what order it should be used,
and provide it as a saved screen or hard copy screen dump. The format
is very relaxed. Just pay attention to the width of the pages and allow
3/4 inch top and bottom, and mke the left and right margins wide
enough to accomodate a 3 hole punch that does not cut out some of the
text. We have enlarge and reduction capacity to adjust a page, but may
lose some print legibility in the process. Most important is
legibility. Draft quality dot matrix does not reproduce well. Print
size preference is ELITE 12 characters per inch. PICA 10 characters
per inch is okay also, but please no condensed print. Please do not
make programs submitted on cassette tape under any circumstance, disk
or hardcopy only. Exceptions to this would be the wafers used on the
Rotronics Wafadrive for the Spectrum or TS2068 with emulator. 288
programs on disk may be in either IBM or QL format or hardcopy. TS2068
programs may be LLISTED in 32 chr. lines, but that is not solely
neceseary, just do not send a copy protected disk that neede to be
LLISTED.
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS PAGE DIRECTORY, JULY 1991
The computer that an article concerns is marked by using the
following mark at the start of the page number-TS2068 = *,QL = #
,288 = % . There will be no mark if the article or ad applies to
all or several different computer systems.
Inside Front Cover contains magazine basic information
Page No. 1---Directory
Page No. 2---Editorial by Frank Davis
Page No. 3---The Dayton Computerfest--Sinclair Sub Show
Page No. 4---Basic Programming with DEF FN() And Boolean
Logic--by Bill Jones
*Page No. 7---TS2068 Tool to Convert Chr Strings by B. Jones
«Page No. 8---Tape Loading Suggestions from RMG
*Page No. 9---Character String Emulation in HiSoft Pascal
by David Solly
*Page No. 14---2068 Home Rom Corrections-Part II by
Bill Pedersen
%Page No. 20---Z88 RAM & ROM
%Page No. 21---A Review of “Manual A" for the Z88 by Eliad P.
Wannum
*Page No. 22---Byte Power Ad
Page No. 23---Exploring DEF FN and FN (For All Computers) by
Bill Jones
#Page No. 25---Q@L Genealogist--Review by Gary Norton
Page No. 26---dustified Translates by Bob Hartung
%Page No. 26---Z88 Using Extra RAM & EPROM
#Page No. 27---When to Upgrade: The QL in Transition by Al
Feng (not necessarily the view of UPDATE-ed)
Page No. 29---Errata and Addenda by Bob Hartung
*Page No. 29---Print Factory-John McMichael Ad
Page No. 30O---RMG Ad
#Page No. 31---Files 2--Review by Peter Hale
Page No. 32---EMSoft Ad
#Page No. 33---Cable Column--Archive Part 5 by Bill Cable
tPage No. 34---Wood & Wind Computing Ad
#Page No. 35---Bad QL Membranes Crisis Intervention by Peter
1
Hale ;
Page No. 36---Mechanical Affinity Ad
Page No. 37---Computerfest ’91 -- DMA
Page No. 38---Dayton Area Map
«Page No. 39---The Sinclair Desktop Publishing Journal by Mike
Felerski '
#Page No. 46---QL Desktop Publishing by Frank Davis
#Page No. -QLUSTer_LITE by Al Feng
#Page No. -Check Book Balancer by Bill Woodward
%Page No. -MACroSystems, E.T.C. Ad
#Page No. -IQLR Subscription Form
Page No. -Subscription Renewal -- UPDATE
Back Covers ---Issue Disks for TS2068 and QL
All material used in this publication is copywritten and remains
solely in ownership by either the Magazine or the author. To
reprint from this magazine please contact either the magazine
or specific author. All Issue Disks are copyrighted and remain
the property of the software author. All hardware advice is
followed at the users sole risk.
EDITORIAL by Frank W. Davis
We have come to the end of our first year of publishing
UPDATE Magazine, and will be continuing for at least another
year. We urge everyone to renew and to get your friends to
subscribe, as that will be what helps us decide whether to
continue on into a third year for 1993. Please renew soon as
your funds are what make it possible to put the magazine
together and mail it out. As long as it pays its own way it
stays. Now here are three literary items that should be of
interest to all of you and I hope you will take the time = and
energy to check them out and give them your support.
The first is ZXIR QLIVE ALIVE, the Newsletter of T/SNUG, the
group hoping to carry on from SNUG (perhaps merge SNUG into it).
It is a quarterly newsletter supporting all Sinclair Computers.
It is available for the price of membership, which is $12 for
individuals and $15 for User Groups or Computer Clubs. It is
available from Don Lambert at, 1301 Kiblinger Place, Auburn, IN
46706 and heavily supported by Bob Swoger of CATUG. They are
soliciting material for their newsletter.
The second new publication on the scene comes from Seacoast
Services, 15 Kilburn Court, Newport, RI 02840. It is called
International QL Report, and truly does give one the needed
information on what is available for the QL worldwide. I have
received the first issue and the second is ready to be mailed.
It will come out 4 to 6 times a year for the price of $10.00. It
was packed with info on how to order the products reviewed, new
products , upgrades and information on who is working to try to
further improve the QL. As I am the UPDATE Editor ( as well as
the ISTUG group Editor ), I do not see this newsletter as a
competitor, but as complements UPDATE and makes another source
of data available to OL users. I have already subscribed, and
have placed a copy of the subscription form on page 51 for you
to photocopy and send in.
The third new publication is the @L Survivors Source Book,
which is a project of the Seacoast QL Users’ Group. It lists
sources in the following four categories: all known QL HARDWARE
SUPPLIERS, QL PUBLICATIONS (major), QL SOFTWARE SUPPLIERS, and
QL USER GROUPS (or clubs for those who do not want to be called
user groups) worldwide. Under each company/individual a number
of their products (but not all) are listed. Due to changing
rates on foreign orders, prices are not listed. _
The SOURCE BOOK is available in AUSTRALIA, GERMANY, ITALY
and the UNITED KINGDOM. In NORTH AMERICA it is available from
UPDATE MAGAZINE, P.O. Box 1095, Peru, In 46970. The cost in
North America is $5.00 plus $2.00 US shipping (rest of the world
slightly more). It is 8 1/2 by 11 inches and bound in 65% paper
Carol and I have already started shipping to those who order it.
It will be updated whenever necessary to keep up with the
product scene.
That is what is on the scene for new publications. I would
like to see more done in this area. I would like to see someone
offering support for those who still use the ZX81, 7TS1000, and
the TS1500. Perhaps someone is doing so, but it is not broadly
known. I would also like to have more material to publish in
UPDATE on the Z88....please. Carol and I want to thank each and
everyone of our subscribers and we look forward to another year.
ERRATA: Peter Hale of EMSoft called to inform us of one small
error on his ad on page 32. The Early Bird price for TAX-1-QL/91
should read $19.95, instead of $24.95.
@
THE DAYTON COMPUTERFEST- SINCLAIR SUB SHOW
by F.W. Davis
ISTUG has paid for a booth at COMPUTERFEST 91, so we are
looking forward to seeing you there. UPDATE MAGAZINE and
MECHANICAL AFFINITY have paid for two tables at the show. QUANTA
will be represented by Paul Holmgren, the North American
Librarian. The SMUG User Group from Milwaukee will be there,
CATS from the D. C. area, CATUG, and Gary Ganger says he has
also had word from West Virginia and Ottawa, Canada. Steve
Spaulding of Sting Graphics tells me that he will be there along
with a friend who has been upgrading the operating system of the
Aerco Disk Interface. Paul Holmgren tells me that Eric Johnson
hopes to be there with a table to sell parts and _ reconditioned
units of Timex-Sinclair Computers. John Hammer (who repairs
Timex computers) hopes to be there with Eric. SMUG will be
bringing some more of what they have left of items formerly sold
by ZEBRA. Paul Holmgren tells me that the Cleveland User Group
will be there. I should also mention that the Dayton Micro
Association Timex Sinclair SIG will of course be there. I hope
that this is only the beginning of those who will show up.
This is the largest computer show in the Midwest, with
thousands of attendees, but the Sinclair and Timex booths should
be in the same area. The show will start on Saturday, August
24th at 10 AM and run to 6 PM and, conclude on Sunday, August
25th by running from 10 AM to S PM. Tickets will cost you less
($5.00 rather than $6.00) by ordering in advance. If we get a
good turnout for this show it will probably be done again in
1992, etc. For those who are interested, there will be a banquet
on Friday night before the show. Give Gary Ganger of the Dayton
user group a call for more information. Call at a reasonable
hour, 513-849-1483. See you at the show!
As it was Carol and I who instigated the original
Timex-Sinclair Computerfest in Cincinnati; then produced the
2nd Annual T-S Computerfest in Indianapolis the next year, and
lent a hand at the Sinclair Reunion in Cleveland the next year;
I feel I have a strong tradition of my own to push these’ shows
to the max. We had a lot of excellent help from the likes of
Paul Holmgren, Jack Roberts, Tom Burt, Gary Ganger, Willie
Jones, to name but a few. I believe that shows like these, and
the ones produced out in the Northwest, Milwaukee, D.C. and
Florida over the past few years have had as much to do with new
hardware and software for our computers as anything else. These
shows, User Groups, Computer Clubs and their newsletters are the
lifeblood of the hobby of computing. Take the time to show up
at this show and give your personal support. If you can not be
there , then pass the news on to someone else who can go to the
show. Get together at the show with old friends; make new
friends; get questions answered; support the vendors with your
purchases and have a bit of fun.
See you at the Dayton Computerfest. Further info on the show
and who to contact for tickets is elsewhere in this issue of
UPDATE Magazine.
By the way, there will also be about a hundred or so non
Timex dealers at this show for printers, disks, computer paper,
modems, cables, software, computers, meetings, seminars, etc.
3
Basic Programming with DEF FN()
And Boolean Logic
By: Bill Jones
Dont go away just yet! The program
given with this article is a useful one.
And it will work with whatever kind of
computer you may have. So, lets see
just what the program does first. Then
you can decide whether or not to key it
in and whether you'd like to explore the
two subjects of discussion- Bool ean
Logic and the DEF FN() function.
NUMBER CONVERSIONS: The program
takes any input of Decimal, Hex or
Binary numbers and converts and prints
all three equilivants.
MIXED MATH: Can you Multiply 110
hex times F hex? Can you Divide 104926
by FF hex? Can you subtract "FFOZh —
BIN 11110110"? Well I cannot do that.
But this program eats it up. You can
ADD mixed numbers, subtract mixed
numbers, divide with mixed numbers, and
multiply mixed numbers. The answers are
given in all three number bases. But,
when doing divisions, and the answer is
a fraction, the HEX and Binary answers
will be wrong. But not to worry, the
given Decimal answer will be correct.
Also, when doing mixed math, you can
input the Decimal values as math
expressions, ie: 2*PI*r, LW, if such
variables have value. You could even
input as a decimal value "FN a()",
making the computer solve a FN function
for the input. For BIN inputs be sure
to use the BIN token before the number.
BOOLEAN LOGIC is a natural for all
computers. Boolean logic expressed in
Basic Language allows us to "package"
groups of both literal and math
expressions in one line of programming.
The capacity of the screen (for entering
the program line) is the only
limitation. Several program lines in
the demo program would require up to 20
other program lines if the logicals were
expressed in conmon Basic. And, not
only does the program work faster with
logic, but the amount of memory
program is reduced
Boolean
used for the
substantially. There are some good
reference articles about Boolean in back
issues of Update magazine that can serve
as a primer on the subject. (July 1988
pe 13), (April 1988 pg 18)
computers provide some
ability to use BOOLEAN expressions in
Basic Language. Some computer's "syntax
checking" are very liberal while others
Almost all
may trap out some perfectly valid
Boolean expressions. One way of forcing
the computer to process Boolean
expressions is to Disable the computer's
syntax checker. Almost all computers
provide an address to be POKED to
disable the syntax checking function.
So, if your computer is one that
disallows some variations of Boolean
expressions then it might be worth while
to explore the method of "forcing your
will on the cantankerous beast" by
simply by-passing the syntax checker for
your lines of programming that contain
valid boolean logic.
The Demo program does work.
However, the TS~2068 is more liberal in
allowing Boolean logic expressions than
most other computers. So if yours balks
at any of the programming it is a
cantankerous charactistic of your
computer's syntax checker and it would
be worth while to find a by-pass.
DEF FN(} and FN Functions
Several of my articles on the
subject of DEF FN() have been leading up
to this program demonstration.
Particularily, the Jan. 1991 and April
1991 issues of Update are appropriate
for background. This time the
programming demonstrates the versatility
of DEF FN() functions expressed in
Boolean logic for both literal function
definition and math definitions. Line
#9700 concatenates Y$ to encapsulate the
HEX value expression depending upon six
possible situations. So, the upper
limit of both Number conversions and
mixed number calculations are set at
FFFFFF hex, or 16777215 decimal (16
megabytes). The limit is set by LEN FN
x$(). This DEF FN x$() function in line
#9700 should be proof enough of the vast
powers of the DEF FN () function.
And, isn't it interesting that the
DEF FN x$() can be concatenated just as
if we were dealing with a string
variable. Also, individual characters
of the DEF FN x$() can be picked out in
the same manner as characters ina
simple string. But DEF FN x${) is NOT a
variable. We can have "X$" and DEF FN
X$() as separate and non associated
entities. Then there are six numeric
DEF FN() functions beginning at line
#9710, all using Boolean logic. In
these six cases the math formula
(function) use FN to call up the
the DEF FN x$() function of
line #9700. The main program then is
responsible for setting the correct
value of Y$ before the seven DEF FN
functions are exercised.
solution of
Although the DEF FN() functions
demonstrated are phenomonal, all were
once in program lines of Boolean logic
that dealt with the dimensioned X$. And
the program worked faster that way. The
logic was pulled out of program lines
and installed in DEF FN functions just
for Demo purposes. In some cases simple
programming is better and in others the
DEF FN function works better or
exclusive for the purpose.
The use of DEF FN also avoids GO
SUB branching. Instead one just uses FN
to get the work that a sub-routine
branch would otherwise provide. Complex
calculations can be "in trains" of DEF
FN functions where each succeeding DEF
FN function requires the solution of the
earlier functions. When FN is used, the
protocol is "first line first" for the
finding and solution of the DEF FN
functions. I hope that these three
articles (beginning with the Jan. 91
Update issue) will provide the
enthusiasm for all to explore the power
of both Boolean progranming and the use
of the DEF FN() function. Have fun!
~Bu,
Simple Basic For Any Computer
DECIMAL - HEX - BINARY CONVERSIONS
DEMO OF BOOLEAN LOGIC WITH DEF FN()
9700 DEF FN x$()=("00000"+y$ AND LEN y$=1
)+("0000"'ty$ AND LEN y$=2)+("000"+y$ AND
LEN y$=3)+("00"+y$ AND LEN y$=4)+("O"+y$
AND LEN y$=5)+(y$ AND LEN y$=6)
9702 REM
9710 DEF FN a()=(1048576*(CODE FN x$()(1)
~o) AND CODE FN x$()(1)<r)+(1048576* (CODE
FN x$()(1)-p) AND CODE FN x$()(1)>q)
9712 REM
9720 DEF FN b()=(65536*(CODE FN x$()(2)-o
) AND CODE FN x$()(2)<r)+(65536* (CODE FN
x$()(2)-p) AND CODE FN x$()(2)>q)
9722 REM
9730 DEF FN c()=(4096*(CODE FN x$()(3)-0)
AND CODE FN x$()(3)<r)+(4096*(CODE FN x$
()(3)~P) AND CODE FN x§()(3)>qa)
9732 REM
9740 DEF FN d()=(256*(CODE FN x$()(4)~o)
AND CODE FN xS()(4)<r)+(256*(CODE FN x$()
(4)-p) AND CODE FN x$()(4)>q)
9742 REM
9750 DEF FN e()=(16*(CODE FN x$()(5)-o) A
ND CODE FN x$()(5)<r)+(16*(CODE FN x$()(5
)-p) AND CODE FN x$()(5)>q)
9752 REM
9760 DEF FN f£()=(CODE FN x$()(6)-o AND CO
DE FN x$()(6)<r)+(CODE FN x$()(6)-p AND C
ODE FN x$()(6)>q)
9770 REM
9780 BORDER 1: PAPER 1: INK 7: CLS :
23658 ,8 SeTS CAPS On
9800 CLS : LET xy=0: LET T=0: LET 0=48: L
ET p=55: LET q=64: LET r=65: LET a=1: DIM
u(24): FOR n=l TO 24: LET u(n)=a: LET a=
ata: NEXT n
9804 CLS : PRINT AT 9,0;"Select: 1. Conve
rt Hex-Dec-BIN 2. Mixed Math": P
AUSE 0: LET M=CODE INKEYS-48: CLS : GO TO
(m<1 OR m>2)*9804+(m=1)*9812+(m=2)*9886
9812 DIM x$(6): PRINT AT 9,0;"1. Dec to H
ex, or 2. Hex to Dec 3. Quit?": PAUSE 0:
LET X=CODE INKEY$-48: IF X=l THEN GO TO
VAL "9822"
9814 IF x=3 THEN GO TO VAL "9804"
9816 DIM x$(6): INPUT "HEX Group:";y$: IF
LEN y$>6 THEN GO TO 9816
9818 LET DEC=FN a()+FN b()+FN c()+FN d()+
FN e()+FN £(): LET xS=FN x$(): LET MS=FN
x$(): IF xy=l THEN RETURN
POKE
9820 GO TO 9826
9822 INPUT "Input Decimal OR BIN Number:
";DEC
9824 DIM x$(6): LET A=DEC: LET BI=INT (A/
1048576): LET A=A-B1*1048576: LET x$(1)=(
CHR$ (B1+O) AND B1<10)+(CHRS (B1+P) AND B
1>9): LET b2=INT (A/65536): LET A=A-B2*65
536: LET x$(2)=(CHRS (B2+O) AND B2<10)+(C
HR$ (B2+P) AND B2>9): LET B3=INT (A/4096)
: LET A=A-B3*4096: LET x$(3)=(CHRS (B3+0)
AND B3<10)+(CHR$ (B3+P) AND B3>9): LET B
4=INT (A/256): LET A=A~B4*256: LET x$(4)=
(CHRS (B4+0) AND B4<10)+(CHRS (B4+P) AND
B4>9): LET BS=INT (A/16): LET A=A-B5*16:
LET x$(5)=(CHRS (B5+O) AND B5<10)+(CHRS (
B5+P) AND B5>9): LET x$(6)=(CHRS$ (A+O) AN
D A<10)+(CHRS (AtP) AND A>9): LET MS=x$:
IF xy=] THEN RETURN
9826 CLS : PRINT "DEC=";DEC;TAB 15;"HEX="
9828 FOR n=1 TO 6: IF m$(n)>"0" THEN FOR
n=n TO 6: PRINT m$(n);: NEXT n: GO TO 98
32
9830 NEXT n
9832 GO SUB 9946: GO TO 9812
9886 LET xy=l: PRINT AT 9,0;"Select Choic
e:
<l> Add <2> Subtract
<3> Multiply <4> Divide <5> Hom
e Menu ": PAUSE 0: LET gl=CODE INKEY$-48:
IF gl<l OR gl>5 THEN GO TO 9886
9888 IF gl=5 THEN GO TO 9804
9890 CLS : PRINT #0;"First Number HEX or
DEC/BIN? <l> Hex <2> Dec/Bin": PAUSE
O: LET M1=CODE INKEYS-48:: IF ml<1 OR ml
>2 THEN GO TO 9890
9892 CLS : PRINT #0;"Second Number HEX or
Dec/Bin? <1> HEX <2> Dec/Bin ": PAUSE
O: LET m2=CODE INKEYS-48: IF m2<l OR m2>
2 THEN GO TO 9892
9894 IF ml=1 THEN INPUT "INPUT First Num
ber (HEX) ";y$: LET HS=y$: IF yS=""" THEN
GO TO 9894
9896 IF ml=2 THEN INPUT "INPUT First Num
ber (Dec/Bin) “syS: LET H$=Y$: LET nl=
VAL y$: IF yS="" THEN GO TO 9896
9898 IF m2=1 THEN INPUT "INPUT Second Nu
mber (HEX): ";2$: LET I$=Z$: IF 2$="" THE
N GO TO 9898
9900 IF m2=2 THEN INPUT "INPUT Second Nu
mber (Dec/Bin): ";z$: LET I$=Z$: LET n2=
VAL z$: IF 2$="" THEN GO TO 9900
9902 DIM x$(6): IF ml=1 THEN GO SUB 9818
: LET nl=dec: LET x$=(y$ AND LEN y$=6)+("
O"+y$ AND LEN y$=5)+("00"+y$ AND LEN y$=4
)+("000"+y$ AND LEN y$=3)+("0000"+y$ AND
LEN y$=2)+("00000"+y$ AND LEN y$=1)+("000
000" AND y$=""): GO SUB 9818: LET nl=DEC
9904 IF M2=1 THEN LET y$=z$: GO SUB VAL
"9818": LET N2=DEC
9906 IF Gl=1 THEN LET DEC=N1+N2: GO SUB
VAL "9824": PRINT H$;("h" AND Ml=1)+("d"
AND M1=2);"+";2$;("h" AND M2=1)+("d" AND
M2=2);"="";DEC:"a";" and ";
9908 IF Gl=1 THEN FOR N=1 TO 6: IF MS(N)
>"0" THEN FOR N=N TO 6: PRINT MS(N);: NE
XT N: PRINT “h''': Go TO 9912
9910 IF Gl=] THEN NEXT N: PRINT "Oh'''
9912 IF Gl=2 THEN LET DEC=N1-N2: GO SUB
9824: PRINT HS;("h" AND Ml=1)+("d" AND M1
):"="328;("h" AND M2=1)4("d" AND M2=2);
ippc:"d and ";
9914 IF Gl=2 THEN FOR N=1 TO 6: IF x$(N)
>"O" THEN FOR N=N TO 6: PRINT x$(N);: NE
XT N: PRINT "h''': GO TO 9918
9916 IF Gl=2 THEN NEXT N: PRINT "Oh"'
9918 IF Gl=3 THEN LET DEC=N1*N2: GO SUB
9824: PRINT H$;("h" AND Mi=1)+("d" AND M1
=2);" * ";2$;("h" AND M2=1)+("d" AND M2=2
);"=";DEC;"d";" and ";
9920 IF Gl=3 THEN FOR N=1 TO 6: IF x$(N)
>"O" THEN FOR NEN TO 6: PRINT xS(N);: NE
XT .N: PRINT "h''': GO TO 9924
9922 IF Gl=3 THEN NEXT N: PRINT "Oh"'
9924 IF Gl=4 THEN LET DEC=N1/N2: GO SUB
9824: PRINT H$;("h" AND M1=1)+("d" AND M1
=2):" / “:2$;("h" AND M2=1)+("d" AND M2=2
);"=";DEe:"d and ";
9926 IF Gl=4 THEN FOR N=1 TO 6: IF x$(n)
>"0" THEN FOR N=N TO 6: PRINT x$(N);: NE
XT N: PRINT "h'': GO TO 9930
9928 IF Gl=4 THEN NEXT N: PRINT "0h"’
9930 GO SUB 9946: Go TO 9886
9932 GO TO VAL "9886"
9946 LET medec: DIM t(24): FOR n=24 TO 1
STEP -1: LET t(n)=(1 AND m=u(n))+(0 AND
m<u(n)): IF t(n)=1 THEN LET m=nru(n)
9948 NEXT n
9950 LET t$="": FOR n=24 TO 1 STEP -1: IF
t(n)=1 THEN FOR y=1l TO n: LET t$=t$+STR
$ t(y): NEXT y: GO TO 9953
9952 NEXT n
9953 LET m$="": FOR n=LEN t$ TO 1 STEP ~1
: LET m$=m$+TS(n): NEXT n
9954 PRINT ''"BIN=";m$: RETURN
TS-2068 Tool to Convert Chr Strings
Often we get stymied by having a
character array file having a wrong dimension
for the job we want to do. This tool was made
to convert TWO DIMENSION CHARACTER ARRAY FILES
to THREE DIM FILES. With minor adjustments
the program can be used to convert other
dimensions to other dimensions.
The program was crafted in response to
question from a User of the Dbx.B6 program
(One of the programs in the Hybiscus
Software). His problem was that he had many
valuable record files that were in Character
arrays dimensioned (500,32). He wanted to be
able to LOAD the files to the Dbx.B6 program
and then EDIT the files to be printed and
managed by the Dbx.B6 program. The Dbx.B6
program creates and manages 3 dim files such
as "O$(x,x,x)".
The transposition of character array
files from one dimension to another requires
one of two methods. 1. LOAD the file to
memory, and then create another character
array file. Then COUNT the first file to the
new file. Then SAVE the new file. This
process uses DOUBLE the memory required to
store the first file.
OR- 2. Dimension the new file in memory.
Then READ a sequential file into the new file
via a counter. Since the question from the
reader involved Character array files (not Seq
files), the program was developed for that
purpose.
The program limit then is the FREE memory
(AFTER. the File is LOADED). Then if the file
to be converted is smaller than the remaining
FREE, the new file can be extended to have
more records. For example, the user's need
was to convert character array files having
the dimension (500,32). The program capacity,
after loading one file, is a new file
dimensioned (612,1,32). In other words, the
program allows such a (500,32) two dim file to
be transposed to a 3 dim file (612,1,32).
Then there will be 112 new (blank) records
that can be filled.
Line #9060 calculates the maximum number
of Records for the New file and reserves 2000
bytes of FREE for after editing. One can
fudge and input a slightly larger new file
than the program suggests, keeping in mind
that too large an input will bring an OUT of
MEMORY report. The program will work with any
DOS or Cassette by modifying the LOAD and SAVE
syntax. Donated to Public Domain by Bill
Jones.
9000 REM ** Character String
Conversion.
2 Dim to 3 Dim
Donated to Public Domain By
Bill Jones
9010 CLEAR : INPUT "Enter Data D
isk #"5;dd: RANDOMIZE USR VAL "10
0": GO TO dd: RANDOMIZE USR VAL
"100": CAT ".A$",
9020 INPUT "Enter File name + Ex
t"'m$: RANDOMIZE USR VAL "100":
LOAD m$ DATA f$()
9030 CLS : PRINT #NOT PI;"Loadin
g, Finding Dim . ."
9040 FOR n=1 TO VAL "999": ON ER
R_ G TO VAL "9050": LET x=LEN f
$(n): NEXT n: STOP
9050 ON ERR RESET : LET a=n-SGN
PI
9060 PRINT AT VAL "10",NOT PI;"T
here are "; FLASH SGN PI;a; FLAS
H NOT PI;" "records in the"'m$;"
File."''"You may expand this fil
e to"'INT (( FREE -VAL "2000")/x
)3" Records"
9070 INPUT "Enter # of Records f
or New File "3c: DIM o$(c,SGN PI
2x)
9080 PRINT #NOT PI;"Converting t
o new file . ."
9090 FOR n=SGN PI TO a: LET o$(n
»SGN PI)=f£$(n): NEXT n
9100 INPUT "Enter File # only fo
r SAVE of new file ";g: BEEP V
AL ".3",VAL "20": DIM f$(SGN PI)
3 LET w$="m"+STR$ gt".A$":; RANDO
MIZE USR VAL "100": SAVE w$ DATA
o$()
9110 CLS : PRINT AT VAL "9",NOT
PI3m$;" File has been Converted"
'“to dimension ("3a;",1,"3x;") A
nd the"’"new file SAVED."''"The
new file name is ";w$''"ERASE th
e Old File? "''"<1> Yes <2> No":
INPUT h: IF h=SGN PI THEN RAND
OMIZE USR VAL "100": ERASE m$,
9120 CLEAR : CLS : INPUT "Do ano
ther File Conversion? <I> Ye
s <2) No"3i: CLS : IF i=SGN PI T
HEN GO TO VAL "9010"
10.
11.
vvvyv
v
vvvvy
IF _YOU HAVE A LOADING PROBLEM
TRY THESE SUGGESTIONS BEFORE YOU GIVE. UP!
Make sure the recorder/player is plugged into power.
Check EAR and MIC cables, make sure they are in correctly.
Check tape to be sure that it is in the player correctly.
Check VOLUME and TONE controls on player/recorder—
Make sure VOLUME is at FULL and TONE is FULL TREBLE.
(Some players do not have a TONE control.)
If all of these check out OK, go to the next section.
SETTING THE AZIMUTH (PLAYBACK HEAD ALIGNMENT) SCREW
Unplug EAR plug from player/recorder.
Locate the adjustment screw. It is usually found just to the
left and toward you as you are facing the side of the
player/reoorder with the control buttons. It is only visible
when the unit is in the PLAY or RECORD mode. If you have a
Timex 2620 recorder, you will have to remove the cover
before you can get to the screw. I have drilled a small hole
in my cover to allow easy access. The screw is usually only
about 1/8" from the play/record head. On some units the
screw is accessed through a smal! hole at the location, 1
noted.
Once the screw is located, it is time to make the adjustment
so that the program can be LOADed.
Get a small jeweler's screwdriver for this job-
Put the tape that will not LOAD into the unit, press PLAY.»
Adjust VOLUME to a comfortable level.
Put screwdriver into the slot in the adjustment screw.
As you listen closely, turn the screw VERY SLOWLY first one
direction and then the other while listening for the highest
possible sound level. Stop when this is attained.
Plug in the EAR plug, turn the VOLUME up full and try to
LOAD the program or file.
Once the difficult file has been LOADed, be sure to MAKE A
BACKUP! That is, SAVE the file or program onto another tape
or disk so that you can LOAD it next time without having to
do this.
Once the file/program has been LOADed and BACKED UP, you
will have to insert one of your tapes (one made on this
recorder) and go through the adjustment procedure again 50
that your tapes will LOAD properly.
RNG ENTERPRISES
1419 1/2 7TH STREET
OREGON CITY, GR 97645
VOICE: 503/655-7484 NOON-1@PM PACIFIC TIME TUE-SAT
FAX: 503/655-4116 24 HOURS/DAY
CHARACTER STRING EMULATION
IN HISOFT ® PASCAL VERSION 4
Article and Program By David Solly
One of the common gripes about HiSoft Pascal Version 4
for the Timex/Sinclair 2068 is its lack of built-in
operators for handling a dimensioned array of type CHAR
henceforth referred to as a string. The crux of the problem
is that if a string is not completely filled by data or
spaces, the remainder of the string is left filled with
whatever garbage is in memory at the time. When a WRITE or
WRITELN is called, the procedure attempts to print the
entire contents of the string, which includes the garbage
left in the unused portion of the string, plus all the data.
This results in garbage characters being printed on the
screen or printer if the system does not simply crash.!
Parser is a program which demonstrates how a record
type -- called "word" in this example -- containing a string
and an internal counter, which is used to keep track of the
number of printable characters the string contains, can be
constructed and used to solve this problem. Reading and
writing information to and from this "word" type; however;
also requires special modified versions of the procedures
READ() and WRITE(), which in this program are called
StringRead() and StringWrite() .’
+ HiSoft has released several updates of its ZX Spectrum
Pascal program since version 4 was converted and released
for the Timex/Sinclair 2068. The latest ZX Spectrum
version, (version 1.7M), features a 51 column mode plus the
string handling capabilities we are trying to emulate here.
? For those of you who have additional questions, please
feel free to write me at 1402-1545 Alta Vista Drive, Ottawa,
Ontario, Canada K1G 3P4, or by calling Sir Clive’s Castle
BBS (8/1/N, 300/1200 baud) at (613) 745-8838 and leaving your
questions in the sysop’s message area. The source code for
this program is also available from the BBS. Download file
PARSER.PS.
David Solly Character String Emulation
Program Listing
1000 PROGRAM PARSER;
1010
1020
1030 {
1040 The object of this program is to accept a
1050 sentence from the user then to break the
1060 sentence into its component words and to
ets display each word on a separate line.
1
1090 Program by David Solly.
1100
1110 }
1120
1130
1140
1150 CONST
1160
1170 maxword
1180 maxsentence
1190 space
1200 first
1210
1220
1230
1240 TYPE
1250
1260 string = PACKED ARRAY{1..maxword] OF CHAR;
1270
1280 word = RECORD
1290
1300 body : String;
1310 length : INTEGER
1311
1320 END;
1330
1340
1350 VAR
1360
1370 = sentence : ARRAY[1..maxsentence] OF word;
1380 row, col, nextcol, count : INTEGER;
1390 demarker : BOOLEAN;
1400
1410
1420
1430 PROCEDURE SpaceTrap;
1440
1450 {
1460 Insures that there is ony 1 space between
1470 words
1480 }
1490
1500 BEGIN
1510
1520 REPEAT
15;
15;
CHR (32);
1;
16
David Solly In HiSoft Pascal Version 4
1530
1540 READ (sentence [row] .body[first])
1550
1560 UNTIL sentence[row].body[first] <> space
1565
1570 END;
1580
1590
1600
1610 PROCEDURE StringWrite(VAR phrase : word);
1620
1630 {
1640 Writes only the required length of each
1650 character string.
1660
1670 This is required when using 32 col. mode.
1680 }
1690
1700 VAR letter : INTEGER;
1710
1720 BEGIN
1730
1740 FOR letter := first TO phrase.length DO
1745
1750 WRITE (phrase, body[letter])
1755
1760 END; {Procedure StringWrite}
1770
1780
1790
1800 PROCEDURE StringRead;
1810
1820
1830 VAR I : INTEGER;
1840
1850 BEGIN
1860
1870 {
1880 Intitialize the variables
1890 }
1900
1910 count
1920 row
1930 col
1940 nextcol
1950 demarker
1960
1970 FOR I := first TO maxsentence DO
1980 sentence[I].length := 1;
1990
2000 WRITE('Type a sentence > ‘');
2010 READLN; (Clears the buffer of EOLN}
2020
:= FALSE;
2030 WHILE (NOT EOLN) AND (row < maxsentence)
2040
2050 BEGIN
2060
2070
11
DO
David Solly Character String Emulation
2080
2090 READ (sentence [row] .body[col]);
2100 IF sentence[row].body[first] = space THEN SpaceTrap;
2110 IF sentence [row] .body[col] = space THEN
2120 demarker := TRUE;
2130
2140 IF (NOT demarker) AND (nextcol < maxword) THEN
2150
2160 BEGIN
2170
2180 col := col + 1;
2190 nextcol := nextcol + 1
2200
2210 END
2220
2230 ELSE
2231
2232 BEGIN
2240
2250 sentence[row].length := col;
2260 count := count + 1;
2270 row r= row + 1;
2280 col := first;
2290 nextcol col + 1;
2300 demarker FALSE
2310
2320 END; {If...then...else)
2330
2340 IF EOLN THEN sentence[row].length := col - 1
2341
2342 {Accounts for the last word entered less the EOLN marker.}
2343
2350 END {While loop}
2360
2370 END; {Procedure StringRead}
2380
2390
2400
2410 PROCEDURE PrintItOut;
2420
2430 VAR
2440
2450 subsequent : INTEGER;
2460
2470 BEGIN
2480
2490 subsequent := first + 1;
2500
2510 WRITE(’Parsing > ');
2520 StringWrite (sentence (first]);
2530 WRITELN;
2540
2550
2560
2570 IF count >= subsequent THEN
2580
2590 BEGIN
2600
le
David Solly In HiSoft Pascal Version 4
2610 FOR row := subsequent TO count DO
2620
2630 BEGIN
2640
2650 WRITE (' VF
2660 StringWrite (sentence [row]) ;
2670 WRITELN
2680
2690 END
2700 END
2710
2720 END; {Procedure PrintItOut}
2730
2740
2750
2760 PROCEDURE SongAndDance;
2770
2780 BEGIN
2790
2800 PAGE;
2810 WRITELN (/ Parser’);
2811 WRITELN;
2820 WRITELN (‘ Program By David Solly’);
2830 WRITELN;
2840 WRITELN(‘ The object of this program’);
2845 WRITELN(’is to accept a sentence from’);
2850 WRITELN(‘the user then to break the‘);
2860 WRITELN(’ sentence down into its’)
2865 WRITELN(‘ component words and to display’);
2870 WRITELN(’each word on a separate line.’);
2880 WRITELN;
2890 WRITELN;
2900
2910 END; {Procedure SongAndDance)}
2920
2930
2940
2950 BEGIN {Main Program}
2960
2970 SongAndDance;
2980 StringRead;
2990 WRITELN;
3000 PrintItout;
3010 WRITELN;
3020 WRITELN('End of Demonstration.’)
3030
3040 END. {Main Program}
Ottawa, Canada, March 25, 1990.
13
TOURING
SYNTWO (revised)
24 TGN_S?
4Qin:
9341 TH.
MTS
6980 END? we
16 Here for RESET + (END) (wligcard)
2387
9316 THO Reinitia
2548 aL 5ST {oRoH)
arget
65278 EXROM, CHUNK 0
7 BANKE MASK
PARM passed
PARM rel’d
9558 CALLE
S5ugE
9364 Th 4
£380 END? Here for RESET (END)
3148 RESSCT CEXROM) Reset SYSCOK
Target
9328 TWh
32 NXT 15 Here for RESET ¢
Tih TENE Nugeric expression
6980 END?
7966 FIXUL
16 Here for RESET # n (END)
9381 © BAOLSTRM3 > 1
0 to 18 -) 0 to 30
22 © to 30 -) 22 to 52
92 HL = 23874 + 2 35
Get Isb offset code
Get asb offset code
5 2 \Z $393 TKS Stream OPEN
9381 BADSTRY = CF RST & 8 ERROR Tf 0 (CLOSES)
9382 7 oC Tnvaild streae
9383 HS
9384 128
9386 Local channel
9387
9388 23740 SYSCON
9391 =} Heel
9392 =) SCLC,4)
9393 Get BANKS
9394 Y)
$396 18 : :
9398 =) SC(¢,19) RESET Routine Iso
$339 Get RESET Routine Lsb
Sage =) $(c,20)
9401 Get RESET Routine asb
9402 Target
7403 16831000
$405 9331 B = BANKE, ¢ = STD MASK
9407 NEWDEV 24 SAVE, LOAD, VERIFY, or MERGE © (SLVM)
3408 42ik:
9410 9423 TW6 For DISK, E7C.
9412 Here for tape operations. Trash temp reture
9413 6980 END? :
5416 Chain Returs
Sal7 427 SiVM CEXROM)
9429 Target
9328 Wt
22 NAT IS Here for disk, etc. ‘
7151 TENTO String expression $ (device char!
TOURING
9427 FED oP ab:
9429 C2ED18 JP _NZ,NN 7449 NONSENSE
$432 £08928 CALL_NN 10377 INTPT? Here for SLVM x $,
9435 2006 JR NZ, #8 9483 TH?
3437 CD6925 CALL AN 9877 SKIP
9480 coaie = CALL NN 6980 END?
$443 WI 3a745¢ LO 4. (an) 23668 T_ADDR
948e ar LDC, 02226, V5227, M228
9447 oF CPL 1 E29, W=28, HeZ,
9448 COBA, == ADO. N 186 $5216, (2215, Vedtd, He213
9450 FEO? = CPN 218 i
9482 3806 IR C48 9460 THS HV
9454 2802 JR 7,44 9458 TKS is
9456 60s ADD NN @ §=224
9458 TH_S Cote Add N 24 8, L=239
$660 7H79 oF U9 CA $=24B; 12239, V=214, M2213
9461 af XOR A
$hb2 47 LD BA .
9463 THAIS 5 PUSH'BC SAVE PARNS (ENTRY FRO OTHER)
9hb4 CDAF2E CALL NN 12207 POPSTR
$467 oe DEC BC
9468 78 L0A,B
3469 Bi OR ¢
9470 Ci POP BC RECALL PARMS (EITHER)
9471 2015 IR NZ, #24 9492 BAD_I/0_DEV2
$473, iA Lo a, (oe) Here for SLUM # 'd', / CFE ‘d',
9474 E60F AND N 2231101111: Force to caps
9476 af LOCA
9477 C7413 CALL NN 4980 SRCHSC
9480 300A JRNC #12 9492‘ BAD_1/0_DEv2
9482 a3 PUSH AL =) $t(e,t)
9483 111400 LD-DE,NN 20
9486 19 ADD HL,DE =) $0,241)
9487 7E Lp a, (AL) get SCFLAGS
9488 CR¢F BIT i,k = 1 if SLUM capable
5490 2002 JR_NZ #4 gage Tes Can co it.
9492 BAL_I/O_DEV? CF RST 8 Ea
930 7 2 ne Frvalid TG device
ei POP HE
ie PUSH BC PARKS (0,SLVM)}{CFNE,0)
€8 EX DE, HL
CoAR25 CALLAN 9634 PASSING
£8 EX DE HL
56 Lp (aL) Get BANKS
9502 1E88 136:10001000: STD MASK
9504 of0¢00 LD BC,NN 12
9507 ADD HL,BC $o(o,13)
508 4E iD C,(HL) lw FE Routine Isb
9509 rs) the AL tc,
9510 4 LD a {a) stv cr Routine asb
9511 cs PUSH BC Target
912 D5 PUSH DE BANG, Mask
13 2R655C LO HL,(NN) 23653. STKENO
16 2B bEC AL
9517 ae LO C,(HL) Get PARM byte count
9518 0 INC ¢
$13 22655C LO (NN),EC 23653 STKEND
9522 9600 i) B,0 f)
9926 C PUSH 8C PARN passed
9525 010000 LD BC NN i)
128 37826 JP RN $336 THX
(geRVICE CODE ik
9531 10 BN 207: CAT :
9533 JR +12 9545 THAZ
{SERVICE CODE ES
9535. FORKAT 060 = LD BN 208: FORMAT :
9537 1806 IR #8 9545 Th12
[SERVICE CODE its
9539 MOVE O6b1 LO 8,N 299:
9541 JR 44
1802
[SERVICE CODE ist
ERASE 06D2
xx08
cpesze
2087
Cbe92s
C04418
TOURING
9558 CALL_B FS PUSH AF General purpose relocation call _bank
9559 3ac25C LOA, (NN) 23746 VEOMOD
9562 A? AND &
9563 2004 IR NZ, +e 9569 WV
9565 Fl POP AF
9566 (30065 = JP_NK 26064 CALL_BANK
9569 THY 1 POP AF
9570 C390FD JPN 64912 CALL_BANK?
9573-9576 4 bytes free
9577 SKIPIT 3acesC = LD_A,( NN) 23750 ARSFLG (Kept here because of global calls)
9568 tear RES La HIN!
9570 32tesc LD (NN) A 23750 ARSFLG
9573 CS PUSH BC
9574 OF RST 26 24 IGN_SP {anna be SLUG here)
9875 Tw_hd FE22 CPN 34st: Could be in SLUG)
9577 2808 SR 1,413 9590 TW_it
9879 FEBA cP N ra sy
9581 2807 SR 2,49 9590 TWAS
9583 FEOD @ kK 13:°H: (ck } oY
9585 2803 WR _1,+5 9590 Td
9587 €? RST 32 32 NXT] (Does not sense SLUG entry)
9588 18F1 WR 33 9575 TW)
9590 TWA FE3A cP ON $8::: Here for ', :, (CR)
9592 2007 aR NZ 39 960i TWAS.
9596 3ac6s¢ LDA, (NN) 23750 ARSFLG == Here far :
9597 CBaF BIT 1, Bt aa .
9599 201C JR NZ, +30 9629 TWAS Inside quotes. Ignore it.
9601 THiS &5 PUSH HL . : .
9602 9605 LD 8,8 5:"€: (ENQ) Test if ',:,(CR) in SLUG
9604 TH_I6 2B DEC HL
9605 3 U0 A,(HL)
9606 FEQE CPN L4sSLuG + ’
9608 2814 IR 2,420 9628) TW_i7 It was in a SLUa. ignore it.
3610 10F8 DINZ -6 9604 TH_IG 2 2
5612 EL POP HL Here if not in SLUG
9613 OF RST 24 24 IGN_SP Recall char
9614 FE22 CPN Bqrtt
9616 2008 RONZ, +16 9632 TW9 7 ;
9618 3acesc LDA, (NN) 23750 ARSFLG Toggle in_quotes bit
9623 EEO) RN 190000010: :IN_**
9623 32C65¢ LD (NK), & 23750 ARSFLE
9626 1801 JR +3 9629 TW_iB
9628 TWA? EL POP HL
9629 TWAS 7 RST 32 32 NXT_IS
9630 188A IR -68 9575 TH_T3
9632 TW_A9 cL POP BC 2
9633 C9 RET CHADD -) : or (CR) at end of line
9634 PASSING ED4BS05C L0 BC,(NN; 23645 CH ADD
9638 06925 «CALL AN 9577 SKIPIT
9641 25056 LD HL,CNN) 23645. CH_ADD
9644 Ay aNd A 7
9645 E042 SBC HL BC Length in bytes
9647 2B DEC HL Adjust for oranching
9648 2 UO at A= LEN -1
9649 2A655C LD HL, (AN) 23653 STKEND
9652 7 ub Gl) store LEN -!
39653 23 INC HL
9654 Cl POP BC Return addr
5655 70 LO (HL),B
9656 3 INC HE ’ ;
9657 71 LD (HL) C Tenporarily store it here
9658 23 INC Hi
9659 22655C LD (NN) HL 23563 STKEND
9662 2a505C LD RL CNN) 23645 CH_ADD
9665 28 DEC HL
9666 (B47 BIT 0,4
59668 2800 SR 7,414 9682 TH_2l
9670 TH_20 ct) OC A
9671 46 LD B,(HL)
9672 28 OEC HL
9673 30 DEC A
9674 FAIDOF = JP-K, NN 9692 TH_22 Done or none
9677 4E 4) C,(HL}
9678 2B EC HL
16
TOURING
9679 C$ PUSH 3C
9680 18F 4 BR -10 9670 TH_20
9682 TW ei 0620 et
9684 a7
9685 8
9686 4E
$687 28
9688 30
9683 5
9690 18EA 9670 Tw_20
9692 TW_22 2A655C 23653 STKEND Here if done or none
9695 2B 2 asp return ader
9696 7E Get i
9097 2B -) 1b return addr
9696 22658C 23653 STKEND Adjust STKENO 1
9701 66 Get Isb'return acdr
9792 OF
9703 ES Restore return acdr
9704 ¢
5705 B_ENABL FS PUSH AF
9706 SAC25C nt Fu (NK) 23746 YIDMOO
9709 a?
9716 2008 n Xl, + FTW
9742 Fi
9743 539964 25753 BANK ENABLE
9717 Fda FL
718 C359FC 64601 BANK ENABLE’
9721-9730 10 Bytes FREE
SYNTWO occupies 9300 thre 9730. It includes code for: jeset ald devi
eset all devices
Reset ail channels
Reset device on streaw n
VERIFY f MERGE f Tape program .
oe Program, autostart @ line f
Numeric array @
String ares as
Get code @ location saved
Get code & relocate @a
yERIFY f COUE on Get_gax n bytes code @ location &
(doesn't t work) DFILEL & AFILEL
(Except for SAVE, f can be rep.aced by '*, in which case the first encountered watching ype record will be accepted,
regare! ess of name.)
VERIFY f DATA a()
VERIFY § DATA a3(}
VERIFY
VERIFY ¢ CODE
7 MERGE + a,paralist Expansion banks
oe aia2iparelist ERASE a parwlist Expansion banks
NEWDEV at 9407 was at 9426, ois change aust be entered at TEM? as follows:
wast 7238 TEMiL © 30224 JP Ab 9426 NEWOEV
Is! 7238 TEMIL «© C3BF24 JP NN 9407 NEWDEV
Entries for CAT, FORMAT, HAE, ERASE
were? 9672, 9676, 9580, 9684
ares 9531, 9535, 9539, 9543
These changes aust be entered TE
6666 204,37 Target 9
6666 63,37 Target 9
667) 208,37 Target 9
6671 67,37 Target 9 fa '
6676 212,97 Target 9684 ERASE
6676 71,37 Target 9543 ERASE
6681 216,37 farget 9672 CAT
6661 59,37 Target 9531 CAT
PASSEM was ai 9657, It called PASSING at X3649 (ir ong | value) in es
SKIPIT at 9565 instead of 9577. The fix is to move PASSING fro EXROM ob:
routine -- which could not account for VIDMOD relocation anyway. Code i
ASSING at X3907 in EXROM incorrectiy | ¢ lis
HOME ROM, ellainating the PASSEM calling
Roy can be deleted
All routines have been to allow relocation of bank switching ro
barriers to using bank switching asc pessing parameters.
With corresponding changes e.sewiere, é ipngral operations show
is recomended that SYNTWO D€ used as tne saster location for CALL_BANK ac
parameter lists.
tines based on memory aapping plus fixes for any
be restored. No new features have been added. it
with or without the passing of parameters,
é
A aaster location is also provided for BANK_ENABLE @ 9705.
17
HuUnLne
FUNCTION DISPATCHER NUMERICAL LIST
SERVICE CODE SERVICE ADDRESS GESCRIPTION
ERROR. EXROM Basec’
255 for data blo:
0 for Header,
Wrong addr
(252) IK = ADDR; A= 0 for Header, 255 for data block; NC = ERROR Proposed
NC for VERIFY: CY for REAO Spare
Spare
__ Spare
i GET_STATUS — 25605 RAM Based.
18 GET NUMBER 25694
16 BANK_ENABLE 25753 “
i7 GOTO_BANK 25969 25970) Wrong addr
18 CALL BANK = 26063 (26064) Wrong addr
19 XFERBYTES 26401 26402} Krong add
20 GET Mor} tb
2 PUTCWORD) —--=- {25403} pibsteed
22 GETICHUNK) =~ 25677 Proposed
23 Spare
25 UPD_K 737 Keyboard input ROM Based.
26 PARP 1011 DE+} Cycles, Period @n+(235 10 46) T-States; HL = 1
27 BEEP 1078 BEEP; Parags on calc stack, exit via PARP.
28 K DUMP 2562 COPY; Primary screen gute i 1$2040 printer
29 SENDTV 1280 General Purpose channel. nter.
3 SETAT 1458 B= LINE # 0-23; C= Cock Ke
uw ATTBYT 1808 HL = ADOR; ATIR MASK 3 PFU t € byte
32 R_ATTS 2164 Permanent to Tebporary niribute. data
33 cCLHS 2217 Clear lower screen
34 CLs 2282 Clear entire screen
38 DUMPPR 2595 Print & Clear printer buffer :
36 PRSCAN 2634 Scan line (32 yes) to 182040 printer
37 DESLUG 3341 Remove number slugs froe EDI? buffer if found @ HL = ADOR
38 K NEW 3357 NEW
39 INIT 3377 A= 0 for power on, 255 for NEW; DE = MAX RAM
4 INCH 4577 A= char from current channel, NC = 20 iagut
i SELECT 4656 A= stream #; select corresponding channe. :
42 INSERT 4795, Insert BC bytes before Hi. Update sysvars. DE -) last inserted byte; Hi -) first -
43 RESET 4548 RESET all; RESET * all expansion devices; RESET # n device on stream # n.
44 CLOSE 5023 CLOSE # ns non calc stac!
45 CLCHAN 5054 Close channel. Restore defaults if applicable.
46 OPEN $162 OPEN $ n,*y *Uparanster list Open or Create a channel. n,‘x" on cale stack
? OPCHAN $22! Open, channel if possible. "x" on cale stack.
- 48 CAT 9672 CAT *x' {parameter tist Catalog of channel x"
4g ERASE 9684 ERASE "x" {paraneter ist) Erase selected files
$0 FORMAT 9676 FORMAT *x 1 Roaraneter lis' }; Format media of channel "x*
51 MOVE 9680 wove "x1", 4x2", (parameter ist) Move or copy files between channels
§ FLASHA S645 A -) lower screen flashing. (cursor } a
53 FIND LL 5846 Find line HL (Z,HL = ad}, higher (nz, HL = addr or vars), DE = prev line or HL
$4 SUBLTN 5872 (stateaent # 10) or token), HL *) line. Results vary with conditions, request.
$5 RECLEN 5920 HL -) record, BC = engin OE = AL + BC
56 DELREC 5968 Delete BC bytes @ HL. toe sysvays.
$7 PUT BC 6024 BC -) ASCII -) current channel. "0" if minus.
$8 SYNTAX 6695 Edit buffer commands 3} or line
59 EXCUTE 6872 Edit buffer command(s
60 FOR 7286 FOR
él STOP 7257 STOP
62 NEXT 7509 NEXT
63 READ 7578 READ
66 DATA 7810 DATA : ‘
65 RESTBC 7882 RESTORE {tjpet), BC = Hine #
66 RAND 7892 RANDOMIZE {seed}
7 CONT 7908 CONTi nue
€8 JUMP 7921 suap to line.
69 FIX Ut 7966 A = calc top unsigned
ri) FIXU 7971 BC = cale top wisi qieg
1 CLEAR 7990 CLEAR {addr}, tom calc staci
Pa CLR BC 7993 BC = new Raeroee Clears ail but program.
% 60 SUB 8089 GOSUB Lines
74 CHR SZ 8123
16
TOURING
COLE MACRG SERVICE ADORESS OESCRIPTION
RETURN
PAUSE (frames}. 8C = franes
athe BREAK keys pressed?
INPUT
necks current channel device ct
= TL KC =paper, D = color
oor Bs ATIR TS MASK T
eer Cex. a: BILE (O-T}, H
Processes oe + $ : y
3: TOP, C= $i ie D'= SGN B, £ = SGN C, from calc stack
ca {coon
DRAW (COLOR; vey ae)
Straight line ;
seagate expression. Numeric, string, null string to cale stack
seen
INKEYS
Find variable, CH_ADD -) char :
AEOCB to cale "stack, reset FLAGS Dit 6 ‘NO (to string),
fe to cale stack, no change to FLAGS
2 ~) AEDCB, lose TOP
ie = first char, CHADDR -) ASCII string -) cale stack (unsigned floating point)
-) care stack {unsigned f floating polar }
~) calc stack (unsigned floating point
rst char, CH ADDR ~) ASCIT string -) cale stack (unsigned integer }
stack ee point ) -) BC (routes) NZ iY negative
floating point; -) A (rounded) NZ if negative
floating point) -) asel: string -) currest channel
Le in fi unchange
L + unchanged
ateger) CHL )#(DE) in (HL), (DE) unchanged
loating point cae DE) in (HL), (26) corrupted
ACES fn (HL), (OE es
-) closest a o 0 in (HL)
¢
¢
¢
Hi
fl
i
f
|
(integer )-) (HL) (floating pout;
Op iy ECOND { ) a XMOD ¥, INT QY), DE -) TOP, HL -) SECOND
é to the Top +) TOP
Natural logaritha TOP -) ie
TOP (radians) -) [-1 (= TOP =
Corresponds to juacrants 4 and }
125 32 Cosine TOP (ANGLE) -) 10P
126 31h Sine TOP (ANGLE) -) TOP
127 33 Tangent TOP (anu) >) TOP.
528 36 Arctangent TOP (ANGLE) -) TOP
129 34 Aresine TOP (ANGLE) -) TOP
130 35 Arccosine TOP (ANGLE) -) op
133i 40 Square root of TOP -) T0i
132006 SECOND to the TOP -) "sfeono, SECOND = new TOP
193 wait for char in A {~ current cnanne.. Loops through INCH.
134 Char in A -) current channel.
135 RST 16 jumps to SENDCH
136 Scans keyboard,
137 ( Backspace. §_POSN, SPOSN. or _POSN effected
138 -) Space -) current channel
139 new line if screen (prisary) Outout orinter buffer if 192040.
140 ee ASCII aessage table base (80h). A = Message #. Message ends with bit 7 set.
342 Scrolls entire screen up one line. (primary)
POINT
DRAW A except enter with B = Y, ¢ =
ith | blank
fdd 128 to SERVICE CODE if JUMP is wanted instead of CALL.
The address in the EXROM jeap table is 8192X - 2 3 SERVICE CODE, ee
the address for SERVICE CODE id0 PUTHES is in error, The specified location is that for ERROR nessages which carry the
aessage Twader ini not A. The correct address is 1870.
Three consistent errors in the location of bank switching Toutines exist. One reaains in the location of CHNG_V in EXROK
there is an apparent duplication for RST 16 and SENDCH. That for RST 16 is expendable and can be re-used,
19
TOURING
ALPHABETICAL LIST
-.Z88 RAM -
The 288 has 32K of built in RAM (Random Access Memory) of which about
20K is free for use. This may be increased by adding extra RAM cards in the
slots along the front. There are three slots, each of which may take upto |
Megabyte of RAM although it is advisable to use slots 1 and 2 for RAM leaving
slot 3 available for EPROM. This is because slot 3 is the only one which can be
used to record data onto EPROM, Also RAM cards will consume more power
in this slot than in slots 1 and 2 and therefore reduce battery life
Inserting a RAM card
1) Make sure that the Z88 is switched ON and the INDEX is displayed.
2) Open the perspex flap at the front, the Z88 will give a short beep and the
screen will go blank
3) Push the RAM pack into the slot making sure that the label is facing
‘outwards and is the correct way up. Make sure that the card is pushed in as
far as it will go.
4) Close the flap. The 288 will turn itself back on and re-display the INDEX.
You can check that the card has been recognised by typing <>CARD
If you remove a RAM pack from the Z88 any data held in it will be lost
instantly. Do not remove a RAM card unless you must. If you do have to
remove a RAM card, the Z88 will display ‘FAIL’ in the top right hand corner
of the screen. You will have to perform a soft-reset on the Z88 and any
suspended activities will be lost.
ADDRESS CODE MACRO SERVICE
13267 124 ANGLE
15357 1 BANK _{NABLE }
8201 18 CALLTBANK 26063 {26064}
3747 (3726) 91 C 9
7 33
34
5
56
52
38
22
oF
69
425677 } 18 i4
25366) 0 3
125970) 86 8
103 3
123 120
ée 14)
is 38
136 103
§ é
62 a4
4 112
139 136
102 26
86 &9
36 10)
148 (21) (
“32 3
(10) 2
55 3
7 97
7 142
41 ig
30 126
107 108
61 113
56 127
132 1
9 4 BORD 229X
15 YFER BYTES 26401 (26802)
ZS ROM
ROM cards are used to contain extra data or applications programs such as
databases, communications program or spelling checkers
The procedure for inserting a ROM card is very similar to that for inserting a
RAM card, First turn the 288 ON and enter the INDEX. Open the flap and
push the card into a free slot Close the flap. The 288 will take note of the
new card, check this by typing <>CARD from the INDEX.
To remove a ROM card the Z88 must once again be ON and you must be in
INDEX. You must not have any suspended activities which are making use of
the card. To check this look at the list of activities on the display and see if any
of them have a number in the rightmost column. If they do, and this is the slot
number which holds the card in question, then that activity must be killed
(using <>KILL) before the ROM card is removed
Hf vou remove a card that is in use the 288 will sound a warning when you
lose the flap and display the symbol CARD at the top right of the sercen. You
must then replace the card in the same slot that it came from and kill all
remaining activities
Ht sou remove a card whilst you are not in the INDEX the 288 will sound a
warning when you close the ap and display the symbol INDEX at the top
right ol the scrcen, You must return the card to the original slot, close the flap
and return to the INDEX. You will then be able to remove the card normally.
Do not remove ROM cards while the Z88 is switched OFF.
A REVIEW OF “MANUAL A" FOR THE 288
by Eliad P. Wannum
This issue I want to review a manual written by Mike Fink,
of Domino Cubes , a 288 hardware and software vendor. This
manual can be purchased from Domino Cubes for $10.00, or can be
gotten free with the purchase of a Z88.
The Manual A starts out by telling you that it is written
for people that know nothing about computers. This is not quite
true, as he does use terms almost immediately that are not in
the jargon of the non-computer literate. Examples are cursor,
reset, word processing. This may seem minor, but it is the area
where most texts that Claim to be for the absolute beginner fall
down. A glossary should be available at the beginning, or each
new term (new to non users) defined as it is first used,
possibly with an example given. With this done I would have much
more faith in manuals. Aside from this point, the manual assumes
only that you can read and understand English. With the manual
that comes from Cambridge when you buy your 288, I believe that
the learning curve (amount of time it takes to assimilate data)
can be shortened for new users of the Z88.
The manual starts out by getting you to get the computer
turned on and introducing you to the uses of the various keys on
the keyboard. By the time you are done you will have learned the
rudiments of navigating the keyboard and the various menus. You
are started off in Pipedream, and cover how to use it as a word
processor, and then briefly what to do to use it as a
spreadsheet. Where necessary, you are referred back to the
Cambridge manual and given the page numbers to use.
The manual then goes on to cover the Diary, Printer Editor,
Panel, and then BBC Basic. For those raised on Sir Clive’s other
computers, the coverage of BBC Basic is necessary, as there are
changes, but not so many that this can not easily be overcome.
This was necessary as Sinclair gave up his own Sinclair Basic
and QL Super Basic to Amstrad a few years back (not that they
have done anything with Super Basic since then). At this point
Mike goes on to cover the Calendar, the Alarm, and Formatting.
This covers the original part of the manual.
The rest of the Manual A consists of excerpts from various
sources, such as Cambridge Z88 NewsNotes, 288 EPROM (a_ small
English magazine and club devoted to the Z88) and PIPELINE (a
short lived magazine started by Time Designs Magazine and Paul
Bingham). .
Would I say that the Manual A was worth $10.00? Definitely
yes, particularly for someone new to computers. I have been a
computer user since 1974 and managed to learn things about the
Z88 that were not readily apparent with the material that came
with my Z88. It is not perfect and has a few minor misspellings,
but the data on how to use this little portable computer is what
we are after, not an "A" on a book report!
I inherited my review copy of this manual for the Z88 from a
friend, and am glad I got the chance to see it. Mike Fink of
Domino Cubes also has a Manual B for the more advanced user of
the Z88. I hope to get a chance to review it in a future issue
of UPDATE Magazine, the best source for Sinclair users in North
America.
This manual can be obtained from Domino Cubes , 1800 ‘7th
Ave. Suite 1-C, New York, New York 10026. The phone number is
212-749-7061.
21
ITEM
AUGUST 1986
SEPTEMBER 1986
OCTOBER 1986
NOVEMBER 1986
DEC 86/JAN 87
FEBRUARY 1987
SPRING 1987
BYTE POWER CATALOG
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For All Computers
EXPLORING DEF FN and FN
There are many amongst us who could broaden
our MATH by use of the DEF FN and FN functions.
DEF FN gives us 52 FORMULA storage slots to be
exercised by a simple use of the FN command, Most
of us have to really search the TS-2068 keyboard
to find the appropriate Key. (under the 1 and 2
keys). For the Ql and 288 we simply type the DEF
FN and FN commands.
There are 26 possible numerical expressions
of the DEF FN command, one for each letter of the
alphabet. There are 26 more for literal
expressions. In each case we can think of DEF FN
as "holding a formula". And, we can think of PN
as a command to execute the formula. A typical
numeric formula is given as: 200 DEF FN
a()=200/PI. To execute the formula: PRINT FN a().
OR <LET x=FN a(). You can even ‘LET a=FN a()) as
the FN letter is not a variable. The formula MUST
be in a LINE of PROGRAMMING, because each usage of
FN causes a search of program lines for the
formula to execute,
A LITTLE PROGRAM DOES a LOT of THINGS: The
following little program demonstrates several ways
of using DEF FN and FN. Note at line #100 that we
assign the FN values to variables to use within
the DEF FN formula. This works because none of
the variables are required in line numbers "lower
than 100". The season for using variables is
because we cannot use FN “within a DEP FN
formula”. Example: 200 DEF FN a=DEF FN b()#10.
That wouldn't work. So, to use DEF FN b() in the
formula we must first assign a variable to carry
the value. Example: LET y=FN b()}. Then: 200 DEF
FN a()ty#10. There isn't any other restrictions.
In fact, DEF FN is somewhat similiar to the QL's
Super basic “Procedures”, except less restrictive.
Now to explain the little Demo Program.
There are 7 examples of DEF FN Formula or
expressions. These are in Lines 20, 40, 45, 50,
55, 127, and 128, The first 5 are explained with
RiMarks in the program line. Incidentally, the
program lines could be any number high or low.
And the lines can contain both the DEF FN formula
and programming to be executed.
INPUTS begin at line #40 for the needed
variable assignments for the DEF FN Formula to
work, Then at line #105 we demonstrate that a new
variable (width) can be input and the other new
parameters of the formula can be gotten via the FN
command.
Line numbers 30, 40, and 125, go logether to
demonstrate several unique ways of using the DEF
FN function. At line #30 we initialize a String
Variable. Then at line #40 we use DEF FN a$() to
slice the string's first five (literal) numbers.
Then at line 125 we use VAL to convert the literal
string into a number, and multiply the number by
ay :
Line #127 assigns the DEF FN d() formula in
an unusual way, using Boolean Logic. Then the
logic value is printed.
Line #128 uses the Boolean logic of line 127,
and another Boolean evaluation to assign the DEF
FN c$() formala. Then line 128's FN command gets
the solution and prints it ("Hello or Goodbye").
Obviously, looking at the Boolean examples, the
power of DEF FN is expanded tremendously over
simple mathematics formula resolution. Boolean
logic can tie in several differential equations
and select the proper one for execution, depending
upon a variety of possible circumstances.
For example, line #127's Boolean logic could
wake DEF FN d() equal as many as 20 or wore
different values, just by adding wore logic to the
bracketed evaluations. Then line #128's Boolean
evaluators could be as many conditons as line
12T's formula could produce. The only real
limitation of the number of Boolean formula would
be the capacity of the screen to key in the
program line's logic. [ often use as many as 12
Boolean conditions in one program line formula,
('m not trying to dazzle, but to say that there is
no maximum limit to the way that DEF FN can solve
both pure math formula and LOGIC itself.
Lets look at a long but simple formula
assignment for DEF FN a(}. The senario is, a menu
is ased to elect the type of math formula to
solve: 1. Area of Rect. 2. Width of Rect. 3.
Length of Rect. 4. Area of Circle, 5.
Circumference of circle. (we could add a dozen
more), Variable Z is assigned the number touched
after the menu. ie, af if item #1 is elected.
The DEF FN formula would be: DEF FN a()=(1**
AND 2=1)+(a/1 AND 2=2)+(a/w AND 2=3)+(PL *r“2 AND
a=4)+(P1 *d AND z=). Then (PRINT FN a() > would
produce the solution for any of the five wath
problems, Of course, the needed inputs of
variables would preceed the solve line. SO, if a
dozen or more wath problems can be solved by one
23
DEF FN a() formula, the limitation of 52 DEF FX's
does not seem to be a limit at all.
I believe that the little program dewo will tPR4# |
give enough examples to whet anyone's appetite to MAGAZINE
make use of the DEF FN and FN functions. There &
isn't much text written about these functions that
are present in most computers. The manuals wont
even give an inkling of the versatility that the
functions have, nor how to use them.
Experimentation is the only way to develop one's
prowess. If Binstein had had DEF FN he would have A
produced a formua for “anti-gravity. Try your Ed. Guy Enterp
luck and you may do that. Have fun! -BJ_ QUALITY COMPUTER PAGOUCTS
Sales and Information: On Line Support:
. {213) 759-7406 The Grey Matter BBS
P.O. Box #2186
Inglewood, CA 90305 213-97 16260 (CALAN)
5 REM ** Applicable te ALL TIS © Hardware «© Software © CPIM
TS-2068, 288, and QL
6 REM
1 REM Adjust syntax for QL / 288
10 REM “Demo of DEF FN and FN”
Type RUN
15 REM
20 DEF FN a{)=Pi¢r°2: REM Triangle Area MDM
30 LET k$="1234567890"
40 DEF FN a$()=k$(1 TO 5): REM Slices k ENTERPRISES
’ TIMEX & SINCLAIR
45 DEF FN b()=1*w: REM Area of Rectang! COMPUTER SPECIALIST
e
50 DEF FN w()=x/1: REM Width of Rectan ctaacsane Suave sacauns
gle ‘ (817) 781-1088 (517/781-3680
4 ROAD
55 DEF FN 1()=x/w: REW Length of Rectan Bite tern cca al aseos
gle
60 INPUT "Input radius "sr: PRINT "The
Circle area is ";FN a()}
65 INPUT "Enter Rect Width/Length";w,1:
PRINT "The Rect Area is "3FN b()
100 LET x=FN b(): LET y=FN w(): LET 2=FN
WW)
105 INPUT "Enter New Rect Width “sw: PRI
NT "The New Length is ";FN 1()
125 PRINT "PN a$()#2=";VAL FN a$()#2: RE
M converts slice to number, times 2
127 DEF PN d()=(0-AND ¥(20)+(1 AND w)19)
: PRINT "FN d() Boolean logic=";FN d()
128 DEF FN c$()=("Hello” AND y<1)+("Good
Bye” AND y)0): PRINT FN c$() Indiana
Sint Lair
s Timex
YeRe. Tate ote xa. GIOUP AZ
24
QL_GENEALOGIST
Reviewed by Gary Norton
43 Richardson St., Billerica, MA 01821
QL_GENEALOGIST by Chris Boutal is a program
that allows the user to prepare a family history.
It is one of the best looking and operating
programs that | have seen for the QL or any other
computer. Although more than 107K bytes long, it
loads in only a few seconds,
The Configure section offers several choices for
paper and ink colors to allow for individual
tastes. Also, several variables and printer
settings can be altered to customize the program.
The program is multi-menu driven. When a
selection is made on the initial menu, a second
menu appears beside the first, and so on, until
all selections are chosen.
A menu feature that | especially like is the
option either to use cursor keys and ENTERing or
to simply enter the first (or in some instances
the capitalized) letter.
Several types of reports can be generated and
sent either to the screen or to a printer for a
hardcopy record. There is an Export option so
files can be used in Archive.
An added feature is a demonstration file of the
British Royal Family from William |, born in
1027, to the present Queen Elizabeth 11.
in comparing the ease of use, the features
offered, and the reports provided, | do not think
there is another genealogy program for any
computer that can out-perform the QL_GEMEALOGIST.
| compared it with Andy Carmichael's RELATION
program, at least as much as | have been able to
get it to work, as well as to a genealogy program
for IBMs. QL_GENEALOGIST is a hands-down winner
against the Archive based RELATION, which is very
slow, limited in output and much more confusing.
The !BM program, FAMILY TREE, ETC., from Pinecone
Software, is as good as QL_GENEALOGIST in report
output but has fewer options. It does not have
the type of Research section available in the QL
program nor does it have the Spelling option, to
accomodate variations in surname spellings.
On the other hand, when the {8% program prints
out the family tree report, it includes full date
for birth, marriage and death, as well as the
location of each.
USER FRIENDLY
As previously mentioned, QL_GEWEALOGIST is very
user friendly. The manual has a tutorial. If you
use it and follow what is happening, by the time
you complete it, you are ready to begin.
The 35 page manual is well structured, includes
an index for quick referencing, and with only a
few minor exceptions, is very concise.
The best part of the program is the way it walks
you through each phase of operation with ‘its
mult i-menu format.
Another excellent feature is the ability to
design report outputs. For example, the user can
order the report alphabetically or chronologic-
ally. There is even a cross-reference feature to
see the relationship between any two people and
who their closest common ancestors are.
While no prograin is 100% perfect, this one comes
close. The only faults - and I'm nitpicking here
- are the following:
1. Intentiona'ly, to save memory, there is no
specific gender recognition as in the RELATION
program. This rarely presents a problem except
in the case of cross-referencing with a childless
person. [If a person and his/her childless aunt
are selected, the relationship is identified as
Uncle/Aunt of the person being cross-referenced.
However, if the aunt has a child she is also
identified as being a Mother, specifying the
gender. This is a minor feature, but one that
would help clarity.
2. The program can crash if an empty drive is
referenced. !f you have been updating the
database, and haven't saved it at this point, all
that was updated will be lost. The author
explained that the absence of error trapping for
this was a consequence of decision not to use any
toolkit extensions so that the program would be
compatible with all ROMs.
3. Hardcopies of some reports, such as the
single line Royal-names demonstration, are very
paper intensive. The Pedigree and Tree reports
of the Royal Family have many pages of wasted
paper. When collatoral relations are included,
)
the space is filled.
The full-blown QL_GEWEALOGIST requires at least
256K memory. For those with unexpanded QLs,
there is a microdrive version to use with only
128K memory. {t offers the same multi-menu
screen, but in order to fit into memory several
features were eliminated.
Only the Family Tree report can be generated.
Both the Research section and the Notes section
were left out, but the Export mode is retained.
Even cut-down it is still a useful and easy-to-
use program for anyone with an unexpanded QL who
is interested in mapping out a family history.
QLLGENEALOGIST is certainly an outstanding
program. | cannot begin to give sufficient
accolades to Chris for his effort. If one is
contemplating the task of preparing a family
tree, s/he will be well served by this program.
Until now, nothing available for the QL fit the
need. Now, thanks to Mr. Boutal, anyone would be
hardpressed to come up with a program for any
computer that does a better job than this one.
QL_GEWEALOGIST is available in North America for
$40.95 (mdv = +$8.00) from EMSoft, P.0. Box 8763,
Boston, MA 02114. Phone (1-617) 889-0830.
Z%§ Using Extra RAM
When you insert a RAM card the extra memory space which it provides will
be instantly available to activities such as Pipedream, However, files which are
saved in RAM must be specifically directed either to the original intemal
memory or to the extra memory provided by the card, For example, if you
insert 1 RAM card in slot 1, in order to cause it to be used for files you will
need to alter the default device setting in the Z88's Panel utility.
To do this enter the Panel utility by typing
Us
‘Then move the cursor to the default device and change the value to
:RAM.1
‘Any new activities which you start will then save their data in the new RAM
card.
Existing activities will still save data files in the old RAM. To cause an existing
activity to use the new RAM, go into it and then enter the filer by typing (JF.
Use the select device option to select the new RAM card and then return to
the activity by pressing ESC.
If you have RAM cards in more than one slot you may wish to save files to
each of them explicitly. To do this you should use the device name :RAM.1/
or :RAM.2/ when specifying the filename where the number refers to the slot
in which the RAM card has been placed. The original memory of the Z88 can
be referred to as :RAM.0O in all cases.
26
Justified TRANSLATES
~~ Bob Hartung ~~
One
LATE
right-hand
example,
objection to the imbedding of TRANS-
characters in QUILL text is that
justification is altered. For
if a character is inserted
before a word or phrase to change to
italics and another is inserted to end
italics, the justification would be off
by two character-spaces at the end of the
printed line. One could substitute the
italic ON/OFF codes for those used in the
High/Low definitions for superscript and
subscript in Typeface. If an entire para-
graph is to be affected by the command
codes, they could, of course, be inserted
into the blank lines preceding and
following that paragraph.
Another approach (which may also be used
in Tasword 2068 graphics definitions) is
to insert code 32 (for space) ahead of
the ON code-sequence and following the
OFF code~sequence. For example, in
INSTALL_BAS I used the character obtained
by CTRL SHIFT I so the TRANSLATE sequence
(in Epson code) is CTRL SHIFT 1,32,27,52
as the ON-italics sequence and CTRL SHIFT
0,27,53,32 for OFF-italics. This works OK
as long as the affected word or phrase is
not at the very beginning or end of a
printed line, which may require some re-
phrasing of a sentence or paragraph.
Z93 EPROM
EPROM aards can only be used in slot 3. They are designed to be used for
long-term storage of important data or programs. Unlike RAM, EPROMs will
retain information even when removed from the 788. Thus, in addition to
providing a means.to make back-up copies of valuable data, EPROMs provide
a convenient means for transferring data between Z88s
One important fact to note about EPROMS is that data cannot be changed
‘once it is recorded into them. If you record a file onto EPROM and then make
some changes you will be able to record a complete new copy of the file but
this will use up more space within the EPROM. The space occupied by the
original version will not become available again. When an EPROM becomes.
completely full in this way you will only be able to re-use it by erasing ALL
the data which it contains. EPROMs cannot be partially erased.
EPROMs may be inserted or removed at any time, except when they are
actually being read or written to. They do not consume much power except
when being written to, at which time the Z88’s screen will be switched off to
conserve power.
Note ~ It is important to remove any EPROM card from the Z88 if you have
to re-power a 288 which has been leit without power Otherwise there is a
small risk that data on the card may be corrupted. If the EPROM becomes
corrupted it will need to be fully erased and all the data will be lost
WHEN TO UPGRADE: THE QL IN TRANSITION
by Al Feng
Shortly after I bought my first QL, I learned about
both the THOR and the FUTURA. I thought: "Gee, I wish
own about the THOR..." Consider that I was just
"graduating" from the TS-2068; and, I was still faced
with the (then daunting) task of adding a disk drive
interface, the actual drives, et cetera. The THOR
would have provided a "clean” package -- sort of like
going into a local computer shop and coming out with a
(gasp) IBM-PC or APPLE
Wouldn“t you know it, about a year later and the month
AFTER I finally decided to add a 512K memory expansion,
disk interface and disk drives, the TRUMP CARD was
announced.
Timing is everything!
In the intervening years, I°ve added-and-swapped "real"
keytops onto the QL°s keytiles; swapped one of my 5.25”
720K drives for a 3.5" 720K drive; upgraded the ROM
code a few times (currently: MINERVA); and, changed to
a "real” Power Supply (I “wired” my board a bit
differently than Dan Elliott had described; but, either
way, worth the effort/expense).
By the time you read this, the first of the GOLD CARDs
(MIRACLE SYSTEMS) should be in service in New England
and environs. The information on this is that this is
THE UPGRADE that many of us were clamoring for a couple
of years ago. I understand (from Peter Hale] that the
board is a disk interface with a 68000 and about 1. 8+
meg of RAM memory running at about 4x the speed of a QL
‘the memory is tied to the “new” processor) and capable
of FORMATting/READing/WRITing 1.44 meg disks on an
appropriate drive. The UK price: 330 British Pound
Sterling.
Where was this WUNDERKARD two years ago when my entire
QL system shorted out? Based on my previously
established acquisition time-table (and, LUCK"),
MIRACLE SYSTEMS should have announced the GOLD CARD the
month AFTER I had replaced everything. More to the
point: Am I (still) standing in line for the
opportunity to rejunvenate my QL? ; '
First, at 330 BPS it is a relative bargain when
compared with the TRUMP CARD (around 300 BPS) if --
and, let°s make that a BIG IF -- you are living in the
UK and know someone willing to give you real money for
your half-way-to-obsolete, RAM-populated floppy disk
Conly) interface.
While the 330 BPS sounds pretty reasonable, the initial
27
US price is in the $700-- range. WEE-OH! Who said
that New England was going through a recession?
If you haven“t already upgraded your QL, and you aren't
one of those "gotta be the first on my block to have
the new toy” people, then the odds are that you won't
allocate 330 quid for your computer (if you live in the
UK), much less 700 American dollars
MEGA-STE (with Jochen Merz board] notwithstanding,
there are at least two-or-three alternative 68000
platforms in various stages of development that could
be a new home for QDOQS
The advantage of breaking-away from the original QL
platform to one of the (forthcoming) alternatives is
(presumably):
a) better video; and,
b) (probable) hard disk support.
The GOLD CARD maintains the QL°s current video output;
and, doesn“t have hard disk support (1 presume that
MIRACLE has only sold about a dozen of the 1000-or-so
hard-disk interface boards that they probably made ‘to
date) ... that is, they want you to buy the hard-disk
interface in addition to the GOLD CARD].
HMMMmmm Let*s see: 700 + 250 = 950. If we allow the
numbers in this simple equation to equal dollars (my
understanding is that a MIRACLE hard disk interface
costs about $250), then we have the price of an
AT-class clone; and, the clone will have the physical
hard disk installed for that price whereas the "700 +
250" is just for the two interfaces,
Yes, I like my QL (very much). And, I suppose if the
price of the GOLD CARD were only $330, I*d really give
it some serious consideration.
But, while the TRUMP CARD was a winner in its time, the
GOLD CARD is something you~1l probably be paying for
over time.
HAPPY TRAILS,
AND COMPUTING,
TO YOU
ERRATA AND ADDENDA
Bob Hartung, 2416 N. County Line Rd. E., Huntertown, IN 46748
USING LOOPS IN QL DO FILES
Thanks to Peter Hale for pointing out to
me that I should clarify and expand on
the comments I made on using loops in DO
files (p. 28, April UPDATE). Only a sim-
ple FOR loop is given as an example in
section 6.1 of the TKT2 manual. Both the
simple and the FOR/NEXT type of loop, as
well as the REPeat loop, will work as
one-line multi-statements in a DO file,
as they do in a direct-command multi-~
statement or in a numbered program
listing. However, neither the END FOR
nor the END REPeat will work if placed
in a separate line-statement from the
one used to initialize the respective
loops.
MOVING TS2068 CODE BLOCKS
For anyone not familiar with the pro-
cedure for relocating blocks of code
from one TS2068 address to another, my
references in the April UPDATE, p.16,
and in the January issue, p. 31, to
installing code for printer drivers may
also need some clarification. If stored
in a first-line or last-line REM,
relocatable machine code for a_ printer
driver or other routine may be merged
with a program listing rather than being
loaded separately.
Using Tom Woods' 117-byte printer driver
from his ProFile 2068 as an example,
first load in the program, then make a
save of just this block of code by using
SAVE "filename"CODE 63672,117. The ori-
ginal beginning address for the block is
63672, and 117 is the number of bytes in
the block.
Before the move can be made to the REM
statement, the statement must first be
padded out to the required number of
bytes by typing in 1234567890...etc. to
exactly 117 bytes for a first-line REM
or 121 bytes for a last-line REM. Once
this is done, the saved code block is
transferred by the command LOAD "file-
name"CODE m,117. If moving the block to
a first-line REM, then use PEEK 23635+
PEEK 23636*256+5 for m. For a last-line
REM containing 121 bytes use PEEK 23627+
PEEK 23628*256-121 for m.
If desired, a first-line REM may be re-
numbered as line 0 by POKE 26711,0. To
tell the system pointers where to find
the start of the printer routine ‘in a
first-line REM, include on another line
in the listing POKE 26703,PEEK 23635+5.
POKE 26704,PEEK 23636. Por a last-line
REM use LET loc=PEEK 23627+PEEK 23628*
256-121: LET msb=INT(loc/256): LET 1sb=
loc-msb*256: POKE 26703,1sb: POKE 26704,
msb, If a save is made of just the REM
definition and the system variable POKEs
it may then be merged with a program
listing as desired or else used alone as
driver routine.
Note that because the Profile 2068
driver uses address locations 63672-4 to
store variable data there may be a
conflict if any other code routine in
your program uses these same addresses
One way around this would be to POKE
these three addresses back to their
original values immediately after any
use of LPRINT.
Put some punch in your
PRINT FACTORYe graphics!
. ‘9
y SHH
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FILES 2
Reviewed by Peter R. Hale
P.0. Box 8763, Boston, MA 02114
One problem with the QL is that file handling -
copying, backing up, deleting, identifying files
on media, etc. - is a chore without an expensive
multi-tasking front end like QRAM or TASKMASTER,
Even Toolkit || requires SuperBASIC and famili-
arity with the file handling extensions.
When Peter Jeffries developed TASKMASTER several
years ago, it had a versatile file handling faci-
lity (FILES) with many unique features.
Now comes FILES 2, an updated, improved version
of FILES that works WHETHER or NOT TASKMASTER is
installed and can be hot-keyed from within ANY
program, PSION included. It takes less than 25K.
The beauty of FILES 2 is its versatility, power,
flexibility and error trapping.
When FILES 2 is hot-keyed with ALT F2, a window
offers nine file handling functions. Choose one
then select the drives applying to the function.
FILES 2 now supports two hard disks and two ram
drives, as well as a two floppies, two mdvs and a
designated alternate device.
Six of the functions are: COPY (selected files),
BACKUP an entire medium, DELETE or RENAME a file,
and read the DIRECTORY. The FORMAT function
error traps against erasing a formatted medium.
New to FILES 2 is the option to COPY a file TO a
NEW NAME, even on the same medium.
Two specialized file handling functions report
that they work can only under TASKMASTER if it is
not installed: ADD ANOTHER executable PROGRAM to
a multi-tasking environment and CHOOSE A FILE to
load into a program (such as Quill) - a good
sales pitch for TASKMASTER itself.
But all other features and the many enhancements
are available with or without TASKMASTER.
Some nice added touches are that the ESC key
halts a full backup; if adding a multi-tasking
program to the environment, only executable files
are presented in the window; the file length (in
bytes) is now consistent with Toolkit II's WSTAT.
The Delete File function now inserts DELETED for
the deleted file name so that file numbering is
unchanged. The file's date is kept when copied;
under FILES a copy acquired the computer's date.
31
Two major enhancements are worth the price alone:
When a medium has more than nine files, the
universe can be shrunk by entering non-number
characters. Without scrolling through a directory
you can quickly verify the presence of “fred_aba’
by pressing 'f' then ‘r'. The odds are that one
of the short list now offered will be fred_aba,
If not, press ‘e', ‘d', ‘_', ‘a’, etc.
The other great enhancement is that file contents
can be viewed, When the window shows one or more
files, press CTRL and the file number to display
the file contents one screen at a time. Press
any key (except ESC) to page through the file;
ESC exits viewing the file.
ALL ABOUT FILES 2
FILES 2 replaces the existing FILES on TASKMASTER
by overwriting; or it can be independently EXEC-
uted from a PSION (or any other) program boot.
On the surface, FILES 2 seems to do little more
than TK2 (but without leaving an EXECed program.)
BUT, after pressing ALT F2, pressing F2 opens a
second level window with a number of parameters
for each option.
For example, files to be copied can be Jimited to
doc files created or updeted since boot-up of a
session or to only files that have ‘abc’ (case
in-sensitive) anywhere in the name, This is true
wildcarding and is impossible even with Toolkit.
It expands the ability to select files based on
the date stamp. A list can be restricted to those
modified since boot-up, since last backup, in the
past 24 hours or in the past 7 days.
Files can be selected on type: All files, non-
executable, Executable, or Sinclair Relocatable.
FILES 2 is an great improvement, with features
long on loyal users’ wish lists. If there is any
complaint, it is that it has changed its colors.
Windows have black paper. The borders’ are stil]
red, but functions and many file particulars are
now in green ink, which | find as hard to read as
QUILL. It is, however, restful ... 22Zzzz ....
FILES 2 is £12 (+810 sth/order): Sector Software,
39° «Wray Crescent, Ulnes Walton, Leyland,
Lancashire PRS 3WH, UK, Tel O772 452414, and
other UK dealers. In North America it is $26.95
ppd (mdv = +$4.00) from EMSoft, P.O. Box 8763,
Boston, MA 02114-8763. Phone (1-617) 889-0830.
EMSoft Software for the QL that really works
Now has in-stock from Software’? the best
true WYSINYG QL word-processor: text#? v 3.01
with Qtyp spell checker, several new features
(and unlimited North America help line.)
text#! ver 3.01 (R) T mdys 119.95
WYSINYG wordprocessor & Qtyp spel! checker
fountext®*; graphic driver 4mdvs 49.95
WYSIWYG output to 9 or 24 pin with 32 fonts
founted*#: screen font editor | mdy 29.95
Make text87 custom fonts
2488; 24 pin driver Smdys 29.95
for text87 only
text®? ver 3.01 upgrade (with original)39.95
Order two or more Software*? tities and take
10% off the second title, 15% off the third
and fourth. (Also for text®? thru 9/15/91)
Boutal, Chris
QL_GENEALOGIST (R) 2mdvs 40.95
Family history with UK royal family demo
CAPE Software
RECIPE Tmdy 19.95
Recipe card file dbf and demo
EMSoft
MAILBAG ver 3.1 Tmdv 24.95
Mailing list _dbf with demo
QLAND_LORD ver 3.1 (R) imdy 26.95
Real Estate management _dbf
TRUST_FUND ver 3.1 imdy 24.95
Stock, Bonds etc _dbf with demo
INVENTORY ver 1.3 Tmdv 14,95
Personal property record keeping _dbf
EMSoft title upgrade(with original) 4.95
4
TAX-1-QL/90 imdy 24.95
1990 IRS tax template _aba
TAX-1-QL/90 supplement imdv 4.00
Additional files for microcart users
TAX-1-QL/91 imdv 24.95
1991 IRS tax template _aba
TAX-1-QL/91: early bird 1mdy 24.95
For orders received by 11/25/91
MJM Software
CAM MASTER demo (JSU only; 384K Ram) 9.95
CAM MASTER site license 2850.00
Platypus Software
QLUSTer Tmdv 12.95
EXECutable, multi-tasking files hand] ing
QLussi Imdv 19.95
Pseudo MS-DOS file handling on a QL
Qfile
MS-QLINK (R) 2mdvs 24.95
Read/write/format QL/MS-O0S/Atar i-T0S
DISCOPY Tmdv 14.95
Fast copier between QL/HS-DOS/Atar i-TOS
MS-QLINK with DISCOPY 3mdvs 34.95
Sector Software
FILES2: Taskmaster Files upgrade i mdv 26.95
Now multi-tasks in any environment (R)
Williams, Richard
TABDEDITOR (R) 2mdvs 34.95
Friendly Editor with vertical block defini-
tion & 8 columns in 19” with word wrapping
Wood & Wind Computing
CHAOS BUSTERS 29.95
SuperBASiC to ARCHIVE utilities & DBEasy
DBEasy: UN or EXpanded QL 3mdvs 21.95
User friendly front end for ARCHIVE (R)
DBProgs ITmdv 19.95
6 useful ARCHIVE utilities
DBTutor: UN or EXpanded QL 3mdvs 24.95
Archive "Flash card” to teach yourself
HELPER 1 mdv 9.95
SuperBASIC filehandling utility
From MEDAC
Ask for statistical and engineering software
BOOKS & MAGAZINES
Syntax magazine set & Foyt book 29.95
All 48 monthlies, 3 quarterlies & book
Syncware Kews 29.95
All 60 issues (5 vols - 6/vol)
Quantum Levels 19.95
All 12 issues (2 vols - 6/vol)
The Secret Guide to Computers 15.00
HARDWARE
T/S BUS Connector/Extender (3 pack) 13.95
T/S BUS Connector/Extender 34(3 pack) 26.95
KX-P1124 Panasonic printer ribbon 4.95
Generic brand, high density ribbon
KX-P1124 Panasonic ribbon (3 pack) 12.95
SALE! SALE! SALE!
Now through September 15, 1991, mention
you saw this ad here and take 10% off any
(not otherwise discounted) title.
All prices are postpaid in N.A.
(but subject to change without notice.)
Choice of disk; add $4.00 per mdv.
Send #10 SASE for review (R), if available.
FREE CATALOGUE
EMSoft
P.0. Box 8763
Boston MA 02114
at ) 889-0820
CABLE COLUMN
By Bill Cable
ARCHIVE SERIES
PART 5: ALTER and DELETE COMMANDS
So far in this series I have tried to spark reader interest in
using computer databases while slowly introducing details
of the ARCHIVE database system for the QL. We still have
a few more Parts to go just covering the most important
ARCHIVE commands, But by now anyone following the
series should at least have enough information to create any
sort of database they may be interested in and enter data
into it. Getting the data in is half the battle. Soon we will
tackle getting sensible information back out.
The recent introduction of the Miracle System's Gold Card
is the most exciting QL event in years. It will help even out
the great speed disparity between the QL and PC machines.
In all respects except one. 1 am happy programming in
ARCHIVE on the QL. My one frustration is the somewhat
slow screen handling. It is adequate but not fast enough to
be impressive. 1 am hoping the GOLD Card will change
that. One report said that a QL with GOLD Card running
QUICKEN under PC Conqueror ran faster than QUICKEN
on an XT. That certainly raises my expectations since
anything run on a standard QL under PC Conqueror is
painfully slow.
PREPARATION
In preparation for discussing the commands below have a
copy of the GAZET_DBF as supplied with your ARCHIVE
program handy. Make sure it is not your only copy because
we are going to alter and delete records on it. Start up
ARCHIVE, Have it ready to accept your input. Have the
GAZET_DBF ready in a device. In the description below
what you should type will be underlined and | will bracket
special keys like <CTRL> for the contro! key. The arrow
keys will be identified as <up>.<dwn><rgt><Ift> and
hyphen means a two key press like <CTRL-rgt> for hold
the control key and press the right arrow key.
ALTER COMMAND
The ALTER command works on the current record (see
DISPLAY command Part 3) of your currently opened
database, It is activated by typing alter<ENTER> at the
ARCHIVE prompt (>). It presents an editing screen just
like the INSERT command discussed last issue except the
field values are set to the current record values instead to
being empty. You will see the cursor at the first field when
first activated. You are able to edit the record field by
field. The current field is where the cursor is located.
Once you start an alter (or inserting) you enter a special
editing mode and there are special keys to do the editing.
Any standard (non-editing) keys you press will be taken as
data to be put at the current cursor position.
The special keys for exiting are <F5>, <F4>, <ESC> and
sometimes <ENTER>. Where <F5> means exit and accept
record as displayed. <F4> means exit and keep record as it
was before altering. <ESC> means abort command. <ESC>
is a powerful key in ARCHIVE. It is better to use <F4> if
canceling an alter. <ENTER> will exit you from an alter
and accept alterations as displayed if you press it when the
cursor is at the last field of the record. At any other time it
just moves you to the next field.
The special keys for moving to new field are <TAB>.
<SHIFT-TAB> and usually <ENTER>. You move forward
to a different field with <TAB> or backwards with
<SHIFT-TAB>. <ENTER> works like <TAB> except at the
last field you will exit and accept the record as displayed if
you press <ENTER>, If the first and last field are
displayed on the screen <TAB> and <SHIFT-TAB> will
take you in continuous circular path from field to field
with no exiting.
The special keys for moving within a field or deleting are
the four arrow keys <UP>, <DWN>, <RGT>, <LFT>, and
standard QL deleting keys <CTRL-RGT>, <CTRL-LFT>.
The <UP> key moves you to the first character of the field.
The <DWN> key moves you to the last character of the
field. The <RGT> key moves one character to the right.
The <LFT> key moves one character to the left. The
<CTRL-RGT> deletes the character at the cursor. The
<CTRL-LFT> deletes the character to the left of the
cursor,
When the cursor first moves to a new field while altering
(or inserting) you must be careful not to press any keys
unintentionally. If the first key pressed is a non editing key
(displayable character) ARCHIVE clears the field and
replaces it with the character you typed, even if you just
press a <space bar>. Pressing any of the field editing keys
will turn off that sometimes helpful sometimes not clear
field action. How do you add something to the beginning of
a field without changing the rest of that field? Move to the
field and press <UP> key. This puts you at the first
character of the field (where you were anyway so you don't
see anything happen) and being an field editing key it turns
off the clear field function while you remain at that field.
Now you can type in whatever you like at the beginning of
the field without affecting the rest of the field.
Except for the clear field quirk any non-editing characters
you type will be inserted at the cursor and move anything
behind it further out. If you are using the default display
sereen each field is defined out to the far right hand
column. If the field gets enough characters in it you will
reach the limit of available space and you won't be able to
add anything more. You will have to move the cursor
somewhere else in the field and delete something then
move back and add the rest. There are ways to put up to
255 characters in a text field but we will discuss that some
other time.
Numeric fields behave a little differently than text fields.
First of all if what you type is not a valid numeric
statement it will be rejected and you will not be able to
leave that field by anything except <ESC>. There is no
explicit error message but none of the editing keys work.
One nice feature is that you can type calculations or even
use the ARCHIVE mathematical functions in your field
entry for numeric fields. So .05*102 or 12.43+13.12 or
123/45 or 156-79 or sin(45) are all valid entries. If your
entry is a calculation and you move to another field the
result of the calculation (the actual cntry valuc) won't be
shown even though if has been calculated but if you move
the cursor back to that field then it will be visible.
Once you get use to these special editing keys used with the
ALTER Command you will find they are quick and
effective. The exact same keys are used with the INSERT
Command except <F5> inserts the record as displayed and
teadies a new one and <F4> exits inserting. One thing to
avoid is putting spaces at the end of fields or clearing fields
with spaces. Since spaces are not visible you may have
unexpected behavior if you think there is nothing there and
there is actually a space. After all a space is really a
character that is not visible. A good general policy in
computing is never put spaces where they could be
confused with nulls (being empty).
In order to ALTER an ARCHIVE database you will have to
access the database with the OPEN command, To prove that
to you let us first try to do it when we have accessed it
with the LOOK command :
look "{hgazet_dbf'<ENTER> (look,{}=device)
alter<ENTER> (alter)
Notice that the standard display screen appeared and the
special editing key uses are described in the help box
i (make change)
<ES> (done with change)
Got error 101: write to read only file. Look only allows us
to read the database we must open it to change it:
close<ENTER> (close our looking)
open “iigazet dbf"<ENTER> (open. {}=device))
alter<ENTER> (alter)
<TAB><TAB><TAB>
<TAB><’ > (move to pop field)
20,5 (enter new valuc)
press <SHIFT-TAB> repeatedly (see cursor go in a circle)
<ES> (exit alter)
Let's try aborting an alter
<I
<CTRL-rgt> (delete a character)
<F4> (abort alter)
Notice country$ field still seems to equal "FGHANISTAN"
next<ENTER> (move ahead a record)
back<ENTER> (move back again)
Now we see that country$ is really "AFGHANISTAN"
The displayed values don’t always equal the real record
values depending on what we have done. (a little tricky)
DELETE COMMAND
The delete command is very simple. Whatever record is our
current record is removed from the database. If there are
any other records in the database then the next record
becomes the current record after the delete. The deleted
record is gone for good. An ARCHIVE database has to be
“OPENED" before a record can be deleted. Continuing
from above :
deletecENTER>
close<ENTER>
Next time we will cover the FIND, SEARCH, and
CONTINUE commands. Until then Happy Archiving.
(the record is now gone)
(necessary when done)
BREAK INTO DATABASE COMPUTING WITH DBEasy
DBEasy is my ARCHIVE front-end program for painless database work
Featured in a 4 page review by Bryan Davis in the May 91 QL World
Only $21.95 ppd in the US & Canada or $24.50 ppd elsewhere
A $99.00 SPECIAL FOR THOSE WHO WORK WITH BOTH QLs AND PCs
PSION’s PC-FOUR : QUILL, ABACUS, EASEL, ARCHIVE for the PC with manual and tutor disk
Pius both the QL and PC versions of my DBEasy program included free on 5.25” or 3.5"
Order from: Wood and Wind Computing, RR3 Box 92, Cornish. NH 03745 603-675-2218
BAD QL MEMBRANES
CRISIS INTERVENTION
by Peter R. Hale, P.0. Box 8763, Boston, MA 02114
if you are like most QL users, your QL has been
running pretty well for some time now, once you
got the bugs out of it. For some time now it has
been a reliable computer that you depend on.
Then DISASTER strikes! One or more of the keys
doesn't respond when you press it.
Under the worst of circumstances it won't respond
to either the Fl or F2 key and you go into a
panic, because that report is due tomorrow or you
are absolutely flummoxed as to how to fix it.
You may even think of getting another computer!
But unless there has been a lightening strike or
a major electrical problem and lots of smoke,
don't think of the computer being wiped out. If
it was working yesterday, it will probably do so
well into the 2ist century,
Your first thought should be that there is a
crack in one or more of the keyboard membrane
traces.
The membrane is a piece of laminated plastic with
silk-screened traces that connect a key press to
the computer. Each key is at the junction of two
traces. Pressing a key makes a unique connection
between two traces.
The original QL membranes were made of plastic
that becomes brittle with time. At two points in
the connections inside the QL the membranes are
curled in a tight radius. That's where a crack
is most likely to develop. New membranes are
nade of better materials and the fix is easy.
if neither the Fl or F2 key works, you can be
pretty sure it is a membrane problem. Most
likely one of the other keys fails to respond.
First, press every key and make a list of which
ones fail to respond. if one goes, then probably
others went, too.
Then look at the KEYROW MATRIX chart in the
KEYWORDS section of the QL User Guide.
Note the location on the chart of each key that
fails to respond. All offending keys should
appear in the same column or row. if one or more
of the blocks in a row or column is not on your
list, double check the key.
If the problem passes this test you need a new
membrane.
KEYBOARD MATRIX
COLUMN
ROW 2 4 ee
mca (ini Ca (am =
r {ser {cr | ar fox | ov ' N
6| 8 2})/6};ofe}lo]rtfu
s} 9s |w 1 fw for | - y
be 1,
ate a [4 1 a |e }]otl us
caps
3 oes | 3K s |e -|6
2 2 Ge] 89] kg] ew |e
+ fenTer | up | esc \ | SPACE | cown
Pos, ~ - =f
ofr fm | s | ee | ro jes | « | 7
co aoe BA
You can temporarily fix the problem by carefully
opening the case and examining the traces for a
crack.
if the crack is in the loop where the membrane
exits the keyboard, you can sometimes make a
mechnical fix by loosening the membrane from the
sticky tape that attaches it to the shield under
the keyboard, then reattaching it with a slightly
greater radius to the loop.
tf the crack is where the membrane is connected
to the motherboard, a sharp pair of scissors can
cleanly cut the trace above the crack.
Both fixes are temporary to get you by until you
can order a new membrane which will cost $17.00
to $20.00. (1 still have the original membrane
on my first QL; the "temorary fix" described here
was done two and a half years ago! ... but | have
& spare membrane for the next time!)
if opening your case scares you to death, there
jis at least one member of your user group who can
change the membrane in a few minutes.
Affinity stock
Both Sharps and Mechanical
membranes.
35
MECHANICAL AFFINITY CATALOG
The following are now available from Mechanical Affinity for
your Sinclair home or business computer. All items listed are
available in quantity. Orders may be placed by check or money
order to either Paul Holmgren,5231 Wilton Wood Ct., Indianapolis
In, 46254 317-291-6002 , . -or to Frank Davis, 513 East
Main St., Peru, In 46970 317-473-8031. Do not make’ the check
out to Mechanical Affinity. All Prices include Postage already!
BOOKS
SYNCWARE NEWS Vol. 1 $8 All volume 1 issues bound in one book
TOURING THE TS2068 ROM OPERATING SYSTEM by WIDJUP $15
QL TECHNICAL GUIDE $15
SERVICES and PARTS
QL Internal ROM board- this allows you to put your favorite
ROM version (JM, JS, JSU, MGUS, MGUK, etc.) on an_ eprom.
This will lower power consumption by the QL by about 20%
& drop the internal heat by close to 50 degrees fahrenheit.
There is also room on the eprom for us to include one of
the following programs if you are an owner of one of them:
ICE, QFLASH, TKII, SPEED SCREEN, TKIII. Brd & eprom $40 --
Board alone $15 -- Custom eprom alone $25. Let us know
which ROM version you want us to supply, or you can supply.
Speedscreen supplied on your ROM or for ROMport $25. For ROMport
you need to have CARE eprom brd or similar plug in brd.
Internal battery backed clock for QL, uses lithium battery, so
should be good for far longer than ordinary batteries. This
plugs in where the 8032 goes, and the 8032 is’ then
installed in it. $20 for brd & battery, or $26 installed.
Replacement or backup power supply for the QL, no serious’ user
should be without one (personal opinion). $15
QL case, contains keys and bare motherboard, no microdrives. Can
be used to replace bad case, keytops, or bad motherboard,
or even as a start on building your own spare QL. $20
Keytops for QL $7.50 Use to replace broken or missing keys, or
the whole set, if need, be. These are originals.
Micro Drive Cartridges $5 each, till supply improves for ones
with the tab. $4.00 without the tab, each.
MDV labels, 3 sheets for $1.25. For the QL. : '
QL membranes, from Paul for $15.
TS2068 dock eprom boards, bare $10.00. These can be used for a
TS2068 program on an eprom or can be configured to use for
Non-Volatile memory boards (32K to 128K), or as RAM Disk.
Tom Bent’s improved 8K TS1000 ROM on eprom. $10.00 Requires at
least 16K RAM expansion to operate, but bug corrected. $12 if we
supply the special socket.
Disk Drives, half height 3 1/2 and 5 1/4. Order from Paul at $55
@ for 3.1/2 or 5 1/4, or $165 for dual 3 1/2’s w/ case & power.
Spectrum B ROMs, on eprom,bug corrected w/ additional characters
set on the eprom for $10.
We can supply for those who are owners of the tape programs the
following programs on eprom: ZXLR8 for the TS1000, PROFILE for
TS2068, MSCRIPT, HOT-Z AROS for TS2068, MTERM II for the TS2068
and DELPHI UTILITIES for the TS1000. $10 for the eprom.
THE DAYTON MICROCOMPUTER ASSOCIATION, we PRESENTS
OMPUTERFEST 9]
———] Sat., Aug. 24, 10 AM - 6 PM
Sun., Aug. 25, 10 AM - 5 PM
16th ANNUAL ‘COMPUTER AND ELECTRONIC CONVENTION
Hara Conference and Exhibition Center, 1001 Shiloh Springs Rd., Dayton, Ohio
Largest Computer Show in the arin
Computerfest '91 Features...........
Speakers and Seminars
Product demonstrations
User group and club displays
Dealers from all around the country
Hundreds of professional and flea market vendors
Hourly door prize drawings (you must be — to wy
Grand Prize:
386DX COMPUTER SYSTEM ES
2MB RAM
Ea a
80 MB HARD DRIVE
ULTRA VGA COLOR MONITOR — 15.25" FLOPPY DRIVE
MOUSE 13.5" FLOPP?7 DRIVE == Ta
ENHANCED KEYBOARD MS-DOS y as ae aN
EVENT PASS Good for Both Days
$5.00 IN ADVANCE $6.00 AT THE poor
$5.00 Advance Tickets available at:
SANDBOX MICROSYSTMS, Fairborn Ohio
SOFTWARE, ETC. , Dayton Mall
ABBY'S SOFTWARE, Fairborn, Ohio
MENDELSON'S, Dayton, Ohio
VANDALIA COMPUTER, Vandalia, Ohio
All activities take place INSIDE! Acres of Free Parking Children under 12 FREE with adult
Call 313/263-FEST for more information
DAYTON AREA MAP
Ovo Predict
excLEWOO0 CoXDAYTON MUNICIPAL AIRORT aoe
a Os Natone! Food PIQUA
2 " I} z i panes
Coven pase peer
now WS — AE A
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ArenaCenter - Tamer Roos
A, Mesdowss a
High School
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wcranes_ AN y
@ HARA ARENA CENTER-HAMVENTION
© Meadowdale High Schoo! Se
(Alternative Activities and FCC Licanse Exams) I one
® KOA Kampgrounds {\ PP git
© Dayton Convention Center-Banquet .
© Montgomery County Joint Vocational Schoo! Watch for Signs. Se... A iets
(Self-contained RV's only) Pra
® Mendelson’s (Parking)
@ Forest Park (Parking in rear) vi
© Salem Mall
© Dayton Mall
@ Northridge High Schoo!
a
The Sinelair Desktop
Publishing Journal
Volume 2 Issue 2 Spring 19091
Editea BY Mike Fetierski
o % Point Font Patrol,
0 Two Evenings W/Master-Scribe,
o Where to Write,
o And The Great SDPJ
Product Roundup...
In the Winter 1991 issue of the SDPJ
we talked about font packages
available for the TS2068/Spectrum.
These fonts could be loaded and
displayed on screen or used in
Program packages such as Pixel Print
or The Print Factory. In the second
paragraph of the article, we promised
to discuss larger point fonts in a
future article. This article intends to
discuss 16 Point fonts which can be
used with Pixel Print or The Print
Factory.
The largest source for 16 Point fonts is
Mountaineer Software. Mountaineer
provides not only the fonts but also a
The Roundup is a chart (created using
Print Factory's "First Edition”) listing
eleven of the hottest products
available for and related to desktop
publishing for ZX. Spectrums and
TS20688.
The chart indicates if the product is
ZX and/or TS compatible, if it
supports Disk 1/0, who it is available
from, a short description and the
approximate price.
In coming issues we hope to publish
Roundups for TSIO00, Ql and 288
desktop publishing products. So check
out page 4 of this issue, and look out
for future "Roundups"!
that it is a 16 point font and adjusts
the program for it,
Before LOADing a font into The Press,
the user is asked if the font to be
LOADed is a single or double height
font. A double height’ font is a 16
Point font, and it is loaded into the
FONT 2 and FONT 3 memory locations
within The Press.
But so far all we have talked about is
the 16x68 paint fonts.so how does the
user LOAD and use 16x36 point MEGA
fonts? It is all done using a little
printed, we need to use two key
presses,
{See FONTS on page 2)
Sinclair Desktop Publishing Journal
Spring 1991 Page 2
romts
from front page.
The firet half of the MEGAfont character is the CAPS
SHIFT or shifted character and the second half is the
un-shifted character key press. Of course this means that
the user can only have the uppercase or the lowercase
character set in memory at one time.
Conclusion: 16 paint and 16 point MEGAfants provide better
character resolution for large paint fonts This makes
them excellent for headlines over the conventional method
of using a “Double” function to double the height of 8x8
point fonts (as per Pixel Print) They are also an excellent
enhancement to The Print Factory's The Press.
Now, for an actual Pixel Print look at Mountaineer
Software's 16 point and 16 point MEGAfonts, turn to page
Rh
Master-Scribe
from front page—
Maeter—Scribe was originally sold through E Arthur Brown
company until Brown stopped carrying Timex Sinclair
products, | also beleive that the authors sold the product
directly. Numerous sinclair users, including myself have
tried to contact the Mike and Denise Hawks about
purchasing copies of the product. In each instance, there
‘was no response at all.
I was able to obtain a copy of the program and the user
manual from a member of my user group. All 1 can
recommend is that you try to find a copy (to make a copy
from} If you are unable to obtain a copy, the SDPJ will
provide a copy of the program{s) and the documentation for
$10.00 which will cover the cost of tape and documentation
duplication.
Now let's take a look on page S at my initial two nights
exploring Master-Scribel!
Panasonic KX-P1091 9 pin dot-matrix printer.
Lew
Where to Write for Prodgucts Mentioned in this
month's Simciatr Desktop Publishing, Journal
This issue was created using Word-Master for pages 1 and 2, Pixel Print for page 3, The Print Factory's
First Edition LO for page 4, and Master-Scribe for pages 5 and 6 All original printing was done on a
Byte Power Magazine
1748 Meadowview Avenue
Pickering, ON LIV 3G8
Canada
DATEL Electronics Ltd.
Govan Road
Fenton Industrial Estate
Fenton, Stoke-On-Trent ST4 2RS
England
0782-744707 (24 Hr. Order Line)
Ed Grey Enterprises
P.O. Box 2166
Support Your Dealers England
081-200-8870 (24 Hr. Order Line)
Sh) Sprang 1991 Issue
DEE
Since a picture is vor th a
thousand words Cor so they say>,
let’s take a_look Mountaineer
Softuare’s 16-Point fo
HEADLINE
ABCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQRSTUN XYZ
[BH
ABCDEF GHI JKLMNOPORSTUVWXY2
MER
RBCDEFGH | JKLIMOPORSTUVUAYZ
ADVENTURE
ABCDEFGHTIKLMNOPORSTUVURYZ
OUTLINE
ABCHEFGNY ILAMOP ARS TUNE PZ
GATSBY a
ABCOEP GMT IKLIMOPERSTLMUKYZ
This now brings us te
Mountaineer Software MEBATS nts.
e xe
HELVET | CA
helvetica
TIMES
times
OUTLINE
eut line
CXFCRD
oxford
AAA AM ETE
ageeseee
HELVETICA
ABCDEF CHI JKLMNOPQRSTUUWXYZ
TIMES
ABCDEFGH | JRLNNOPQRSTIUWA YZ
(lobe nick
[SIEICIOIEIFIGIH( KIL IMINIOIPIajRs|Tiulutulyyiz
tom
RIT?
ABUDEPGHI JRLMNOPORSTUPUKYE
aTNCLAIR
ABCOEF GHT JKLIMIMOPORS TUVUIXYZ
GRANDPA X
ABCDcr GHi JKLANOPORSCUVWXYZ
may be"
LOADed directly into nee ne! Print
or Print Factory’s “The Press"t
Rn a i i
NEW YORK
mew york
IPL AIPIPIEIR
f (aeper
HARCUERE
ART DECO
art deco
GRANDPRIX
grandprix
narques
oth er an lowercase 2fonts
Eeeh *LBRBEG generated
fo nts
below are AA lied in’ uPpPpe
characters BhEs: pairks
BR | SBAINE
BROADWAY
Che Sinclair Desktop Publishing Journal Epring j99) Page Bes
THE GREAT SINCLAIR == DESKTOP PUBLISHING
JOURNAL PRODUCT ADUNQUP FOR Ser eco
e
Description Price
Create just about
Shetnin’d with this
Package of prograns
Print Factory
Nord-Haster
Most flexable and
professional DTP
package for Spectrum
Pixel-Print
The opiginal heavy
gue y DIP pragran.
Not’ a flexah e as
The BEST 4 ghaphics
Bar for Spectrun,.
TEL Ltd. ine ludes
Genius Mouse & I/F.
Excellent Spectrun
video digitizer .
Some report 1t works
with Std. TS2ee6s8.
One _ of a Kind SCHEEN
Manipulator for DIP
neat for special
effects. Menu driven
Lots of neat stuff
a Sonplinent eur
Printer ARGES” BRS".
28 Super fonts+ $22.95
Manager & word proc.
19 nifty, unique Varies
fonts G manager pgn.
Great font manager $26.86
utility nice fonts
You might as well
sell your system if
you don’t own theset
te Power Magazine Only
you canngt Find a coPy, contact SDP.
mice epends on postage copying cos
RATER. Lid, England -
44120- aS Gair. five, Seattle, HWA 98116.
ported, op Gan easily be converted via BASIC,
Supported, although there is an Art Studio to
conversion by_a third party There is no Known
rsK conversion for First Class Fonts it
Wi
OCP Art Studio
£29.95
(Sale)
VideoFace
Pix-FX
Print Factory
Companion Series
Pixel Print Font Pkg,
dack Dohany Font Mgr,
Bnd’ Zebra’ [eon Pkgs.,
the, aoe
pesnons ibte
for chance
errors.
BHD pd
a eee
Sunclairc Desktop Publishina Journal SPpcinga 1991 Page £
Naster-Scribe, The First Evening
after looking over the users manual, I decided that my first
goal was “Type and Print". I decided to Start with version
1.4 which drives Epson compatible printers through the ferco
parallel printer interface CI really wanted to see some
full-size printer output through my Panasonic3y. So, I
Slapped in the version 1.14 cassette and Master-Scribe i.4
LosDpDed HE FIRST TIME!
Next, I decided to follow the tutorial. I know...most of US
are "If all else fails, read the instructions” type people,
but in the case of Master-Scribe, it is a good idea to at
least browse through the owners manual as I did. You see,
Master-Scribe iS not only a multi-program set, but it also
operates in &@ multi-mode environment. Things are not
exactly "What you see iS what you get"!
‘he first feature which impressed me was the documentation.
It was completly produced using the Master-Scribe software
itself. The output for the manual is very impressive from
both TS262O6 and full-size dot-matrix printers.
The second feature 1 was impressed with Cand I thought would
win the hearts of many a TS106® user} was the swift speed of
the Keyboard entry. Screen jump was also minimal except
during deletes and cursor movements. I was also pleased
with the ease at which "modes" are changed to access special
Features. But before we start looking at the different
“modes", let us take a look at the five Cyes I did say Fives
different programs that make up the Master-Scribe
callection.
The Five Programs of Master-Scribe
Feep in mind that the TS10@0 and TSsi500 conputers are not
the most memory wealthy computers. Therefore, in order to
43
provide numerous features in such a restrictive system, five
seperate Master-Scribe programs were developed:
versio
versio
versio
versio
versio
So to sum up, we have tuo versions of the program which will
work With the TS2@26 printer, and three versions for driving
Full-size printers through the ferco printer interface.
Thus we have five programs with the exact same feel in
editing and operations, but each with different output
drivers and fonts.
The Second Evening, Graphics
One of Master-Seribes better features is its ability tr
print graphic characters within text Cexcept version 1.22.
MY Second evening was "In Search of Graphics"! This second
page iS an example of using TS1@@@ graphics to create a box
around text. The box was much more difficult than I thought
it was going to be, but the graphics below were much easier.
Let’s take @ iook at & sampling of the graphic characters
available:
TSiG@e@ Biock Graphics: 8 ee Boe MW Ea 2
Card Symbols: AVOL
Mise. Punctuation: o£ Pe COVE CIM ACIN GHETTO LE
Misc. Symbols: BVYTHOBTARTA~S e445
Finally...
Our final page for this issue is a special appendix for the
commands’features available from Mike Hawk's Master-Scribe
for the TSiGO® family...
44
SDPJ SPECIAL APPENDIX PAGE FOR MASTER-S SPRING 1991
A List of
Master-Scribe Commands
Left Justification
Right Justification i
center Text
Full (Left ¢ Right) Justification
Start+stop Underline
Inverse Printing
Subser ipt
superscript
Normal Characters
Tall Characters (Double Height)
Page Start CFormreed}
Single space Linefeeds (Graphics)
Double Space’ Linefeeds
And in addition to these, there are Main Menu commands to
Copy, Move, Delete, Print and Save Cto cassette "Marked"
Sections of textrgraphics. You can even Define words for
creating form letters. Lastly, there are commands for
Jumping to the Beginning and End of the file and Search for
words.
Look for more articles on Master-Scribe in future issues oF
the Sinclair Desktop Publishing Journal!
49
QL Desktop Publishing by Frank W. Davis
This issue I want to take a look at Page Designer, the DTP
program offered by QUANTA. For those interested in actually
playing around with this program, contact the North American
QUANTA Librarian, Paul Holmgren at 5231 Wilton Wood Ct.,
Indianapolis, IN 46254. If you get this from him, make sure you
also get Ron Dwight’s screen handler, also in the library. This
is needed in order to use Page Designer. Next issue we will be
at least doubling the QL DTP section so we can get more data on
these programs to you at a faster rate.
You will need expanded memory to handle the screens you
create using this program. All DTP programs use more memory for
a page than a word processor does. This program can be
configured to run from either disk or from microdrive cartridge.
This program allows you to create large pages of mixed
graphics and text, in columns, for the production of
newsletters, magazine pages, posters, banners (with a = program
such as Writeturn) or advertising layouts. The limits are those
you place on the program, combined with your literary and
artistic talent. Computers help in this area, but only so
much...sigh!
The program comes equipped with several text fonts (styles
of print and sizes) and also has a program to create additional
fonts of your own. You may also import fonts created by others.
There is a separate high resolution character set to be used for
detailed enlarged text such as titles and headings. Graphics can
also be stored and called up by this utility. The character
editor is easy to use.
There is no 24 pin printer driver for the program; instead
we are limited to the 8 pin bit image mode. I have 24 pin
printer drivers, but have not hacked around trying to use one of
them with this program. Despite this fact, I feel that this is
an excellent way for the QL owner to get involved with desktop
publishing. The only other things I was disappointed in was that
there is no text editor and that the program runs in monochrome
(though stippling allows grey shading to be done during
printout).
I mentioned that there is no text editor, however you may
use any file that is available to you in a QL text editor or
word processor program. This means that you can create- your
files in Quill, The Editor, etc. and then import them, assign a
font and size, and use them in an assigned column. Any ASCII
file can be imported.
The entire program is menu driven, and the manual for the
programs come as Quill doc files, so you can print them out for
future use. You will have 6 supplied fonts, 9 hi-res fonts. You
will find it can lift and save part of a screen for use later
for cut and paste to create new pages. There are a number of
graphic screens that come with the program, such as a “silly
lion, flower pot, camera, teapot, the boss, etc. Anything that
can be found on a QL screen should be able to be lifted and
saved, so you should soon, with a little effort, have a large
library of graphics to use in your desktop publishing . You can
also create your own graphics screens, by the use of lines,
sketching, circles, rectangles, arcs, polygons, ellipses, etc.
These can then be filled or painted. This rather reminded me of
Tech Draw dr. for the TS2068.
Please take the time to obtain this program and = check at.
out. You will find out how much fun desktop publishing can be.
46
QLUSTer_LITE
by Al Feng
QLUSTer 4.350 (aka ” LITE”) is the latest version of the
program which evolved from QLUTter (and previously, the
SuperBASIC program: QL_AutoDirectory 1.9)
The sequence of the program’s "options” on the COMMAND
page has been altered to:
These options appear ina "line” near the top of the
COMMAND page. A highlighted bar is moved to the right by
pressing the “TAB” key or using a “shift TAB” key
combination to move the bar to the left. The “Space Bar”
is then pressed to "open” the option.
Those familiar with the program will note that the "HELP”
page is no longer available from the COMMAND page. The
HELP page has been removed to reduce the program size,
but is still available in an expanded form by EXEC_Wing
the HELP_EXE program from within QLUSTer or as a
stand-alone program.
Removal of the "HELP" page and re-coding has resulted in
a program whose TURBO-compiled size is 5K smaller than
the more recent versions. At the same time, an
additional ERRor TRAP for insufficient disk space has
also been incorporated.
"FLIST_imp” (FileLIST_imp) file replaces the
"FILE. DIRectory" as the dynamic, program file and can be
IMPORTed directly into QLWP/Quill for printing ina
columnar and/or condensed format; thereby, eliminating
the need for the supplemental SNAPSHOT program.
Unlike other utility programs, QLUSTer uses the "full"
screen for displaying filenames; so, instead of watching
ten-or-so files scroll by, you can view up to 76
filenames per page (608 total capacity). While this
number may be overwhelming at first, you will probably
find it more convenient to review a lot of filenames at a
time when scanning a "mystery" disk.
QLUSTer’s "VIEWing" feature is "full" screen rather than
a" bunker” window. This makes "reading” true_txt files
convenient compared with COPYing to screen or IMPORTing
into QUILL (a very slow process for long document_txt
files).
47
The "VIEWing"” feature can be interrupted prior to reaching
the end of the file. Any file can be "VIEWed"; but, files
will have less meaning.
QLUSTer provides a fast and convenient DATES setting
mechanism. (W)COPYing. (W)DELeting, "PRINTing"/SPooLing &
RENAMing files is equally convenient. Any valid medium
can be easily FORMATted. Determining file “WSTATus" is
provided as an as needed feature, rather than occupying
the directory window
QLUSTer provides access to all drives via either the
cursor keys or a few easy key strokes
QLUSTer can be used to EXEC_W or EXECute (as within
QRAM); but, TASKMASTER users must sacrifice 32K for a
screen-save or LOAD via FILES after the TASKMASTER’s
autoload sequence.
QLUSTer is designed to be convenient for everyone; and,
touch-typists should find it particularly convenient when
compared with most other utilities.
Not convinced that QLUSTer is the utility for you to use
2
If you do want a sense of where QLUSTer came from, you
can preview an older version of QLUTter intended for
use on a TV or “short monitor is on the CATUG PDL Disk 1
(this is also T/SNUG Disk 01). Send a $2.00 check made
GUt, VO. Sess Sars SSar
format), !{{{{ ! f------------------5------------ ===
but a coupon for $2.00 off a direct PLATYPUS Software
purchase; or, a future CATUG PDL disk <(if we ever expand
aur QL library, that is!>.
All current and previous versions of QLUSTer (and,
QLUTter) are compatible with the MINERVA ROM code, so no
excuses,
All "registered" QLUSTer and/or QLUTter users (PDL
version dces not qualify) can get the most recent copy of
QLUSTer by sending only $2.00 to:
Al Feng
15 Wake Robin Court
Woodridge, IL 60517
Don“t forget to specify your disk format (5.25” or
3.5"),
NOTE: Microdrive users should
(1) send a check for $2.50
(2) supply/send a good microcart;
(3) specify the disk format that you think you may
in the future; or, request the “coupon
CHECK BOOK BALANCER
Bill Woodward
After struggling for years with unfriendly “canned” checkbook
programs on the Sinclair cumputers, I decided that if ever to
find one that was USER FRIENDLY, IT would have to take Ben
Franklin’s advice and write it myself.
The advent of the QL with Abacus (spreadsheet) program made
this job about as simple as a dream. If one can read one”s bank
statement and enter numbers in a computer one can “reconcile”
one“s bank book.
Since I am no programmer, but a plumbing instructor, I will
present the steps of in a way that should be easy for us, both. I
am assuming that you are as unfamiliar with the Spreadsheet
program as I was at first, even, maybe a little afraid of it.
Set your fears at rest, QL ABACUS is the easiest to use of
the 4 Psion programs. You will be pleasantly surprised with the
routine jobs that can be programmed on the ABACUS. ‘
In the program that follows, F3(the COMMAND key) and FO5(the
GOTO key) apply to the function keys. Press the keys in the order
given.
Load Abacus into your QL. That was simple, wasnt it. The rest
will be just as easy. You will, also, be shown a couple of short-
cuts that I have learned the hard way.
First, we need a title. FS-C1-ENTER-CAPS LOCK-"-CHECK BOOK
RECONCILATOIN-ENTER-CAPS LOCK.
Underline the title with a row of "=", F5-C2-ENTER-rept("=",
len(Cl)>-ENTER.
Write “month” in ~C“~ column row 4 and the name of the month
asked for in “D° column, F5-C4- ENTER-"-Month-ENTER-FS5- D4-ENTER-
askt("month")-ENTER. You will see “month?” in the input cell,
Hit ENTER. Write “Opening balance” in A6 and the amount in C6.
F5-A6-ENTER-" -Opening balance- ENTER-FS5-C6-ENTER-askn(" opening
balance”)-ENTER. You will see “opening balance?“ in input cell.
You cannot get away with ENTER this time. You will have to enter
a number, O will do.
On the next line, write the column headings. F5~A7-
ENTER-"-Date-ENTER-A5~-B7-"'~Check~ENTER-F5-C7-""-Name~ENTER- F5-D7-
ENTER-"-Deposit-ENTER; FS-E7-ENTER-"-check no.- ENTER; F5-F7-
ENTER-"'—Amount-ENTER; F5-G7-ENTER-" -Balance- ENTER, Right
justified the heading titles. F3-J~ENTER-ENTER-R- A7:G7-ENTER.
Underline the headings. F5-A8-ENTER-rept("=",78)-ENTER. Seven-
ty-eight "=" will be typed in row 8.
Put a zero in G9. Then F3-E-G9-ENTER (change range to D10:G60)
ENTER. To put the opening balance cell G9, F5-G9-ENTER-C6-ENTER.
To make 0 into 0. 00-F3-U-ENTER-ENTER-ENTER-D10:G60. Do the same
for C6.
49
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’
{ %
Initialize row 10. FS-C10-ENTER-askn("check number")-ENTER;
F5-D10-ENTER-O-ENTER.
The expression in G10 that differentiates between a check and
a deposit is similar to the IF...THEN...ELSE... of superbasic.
(See page 44 of your Abacus user°s guide.) IF(expression, true,
false). IF the “F~ column has a number in it, to the computer it
is a “DEPOSIT and “THEN” adds the amount in F#¥ to the previous
balance in G-1#. IF the “F° column has a zero(0.00) in it, the
computer assumes a “CHECK” and “ELSE“ subtracts the amount in
column “E#° from the previous balance in G-1#.
For a deposit, ENTER sum in column “F~ and "dep in column “C™
in place of the next check number. ENTER the next check number in
C column, next row. F5-G10-ENTER-IF(F10, G9+F10,G9-E10). ENTER a
check number counting expression in cil. F5-C11-
ENTER-10+1-ENTER.
The short cut I promised is next. I found this quite by ac~
cident when I first Echoed the number counting expression down
the D column. Imagine my surprise when the row numbers aligned
themselves. The same event happened in the G column. F5-D10-
ENTER-F3-E-ENTER-D11:D60-ENTER; F5-G10-ENTER-F3-E-ENTER-G11: G60-
ENTER. We have used the E(cho) command to echo part of row 10 all
the way to row 60. The serendipitous part of this is that each
command automatically changes the row number to its present row
number.
A little “dolling up~ will finish the spreadsheet. F5—EQ-EN-
TER-F3-U-ENTER-ENTER-ENTER-E9:G60-ENTER will give two decimal
places to all money cells.
The one final command embeds a printer command in cell B61.
F5-B61-ENTER-CHR(0)+CHR(12) gives us a FORM FEED to expel our
statement from the printer. When your curser is in cell B61 the
CONTENTS cell shows (" "),
SAVE your CHECK BOOK BALANCER!
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TS2068 UPDATE ISSUE DISKS
These disks contain at least one major piece of software written
specifically for disk drive and are guaranteed to be worth the
money. The rest of the disks are filled with various utility
programs taken from the issues of UPDATE anda few surprises
thrown in. Half of the money goes to the author and is meant to
encourage new programming for the TS2068 that makes use of the
various disk drive systems. Presently we are offering disks for
the Larken and Oliger Interfaces, but have programs available
for the Aerco (just as soon as I hear that there is a demand to
have available). All are $20.00 per disk (add $1.00 Canada) and
include postage and handling. The programs have been Temporarily
lowered in price to make them more widespread among the TS2068
Users! Both 3 1/2 and 5 1/4, 40 and 80 track available. Please
add $5.00 for mailing to other countries. We accept personal
checks, company checks, money orders as well as International
Postal Money Orders. We do not have facilities for charge cards.
1) MITCHELL BUDGET DISK, with wide spreadsheet printer driver,
MS-TAS and various other utilities. Available as either Larken
or as Oliger format.
2) Bob Hartung DOSDEX UTILITY ISSUE DISK, a complete disk
management group of programs for the Oliger Interface only. This
includes Multi-Manager for file handling. This collection has
recently been updated.
3) MAIL MERGE ISSUE DISK, Oct 87 and Jan 88 issues of UPDATE
utilities added to fill out this disk. Includes a tutor program
for the Mail Merge program, List Looker, Purity, J-Utilities and
Extra Memory Utilities.
4) MITCHELL VIEW CALC ISSUE DISK, forget the old slow VC for
tape! The rest of the disk is filled with other utilities
plus some Public Domain for fillers. At this time for Larken
format only.
5) OLIGER DISK DRIVE BBS PROGRAM, this allows users of the
Oliger interface to be able to operate a disk based bulletin
board from the TS2068. The disk is also filled with many other
Oliger disk routines and tips on using the Oliger System. New by
Paul Holmgren. Can use upto four DSQ@D disk drives.
6)The HYBISCUS ENSEMBLE, consisting of two separate, but
complimentary sets of programs. A) Daisy.B6 Ensemble, and 8B)
Udbm.B6 Ensemble. LKDOS only, $22 each or $36 for both. The best
file and database available for Larken, by Bill Jones. The price
remains the same on this one, no change. wordprocessor included.
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS invites you to submit software programs
that may become Issue Disks. Please submit program on disk, with
documentation and article to accompany the program. We are here
to get North American software available and Known. We also
solicit minor programs, tips and utilities for print in future
issues of the magazine. Please do not submit unlistable programs
or copy protected programs.
@L UPDATE ISSUE DISKS
These disks contain at least one major piece of software written
specifically for disk drive and are guaranteed to be worth the
money. The rest of the disks are filled with various utility
programs taken from the issues of UPDATE and a few surprises
thrown in. Half of the money goes to the author and is meant to
encourage new programming for the QL that makes use of the
disk drive systems, and microdrives on both the expanded = and
unexpanded QOL. Where possible we will give a version for each of
these configurations. Some of the programs take advantage of TK2
by Tony Tebby. All are 20.00, except QLuster, which is $15.00;
includes P & H, add $1.00 CAN.Available as 3 1/2 or 5 1/4 disks.
Add $5.00 for mailing to other countries. We accept personal
checks, company checks, money orders as well as International
Postal Money Orders, but no charge cards. If ordering on = MDV,
then please include one that is already formatted, so we will
know it will run on your QL. Due to the expense of MDVs this is
necessary. If two MDVs are required we will state so in the ad.
1) HARTUNG UTILITY ISSUE DISK- Several excellent programs such
as stand alone data base, Address, and QSO files. All are in
Superbasic. Lots of hints and tricks for programmers. Requires
some knowledge of Superbasic or a yen to learn. Recently updated
by Bob Hartung. Address file can be used as inventory program.
It can print out labels. Both screen or paper printouts can be
by Alpha sort, or be by last name.
2) CABLE ARCHIVE ISSUE DISK- Contains six Archive programs along
with Doc files to get you going on making use of the Archive
programming janguage. Aiso has Tasket, pius Doc file, to give
you multi-tasking on your QL (much cheaper’ than QRAM or
Taskmaster). Included is Arithmetic, a Superbasic program for
math, along with math drills. This is for both the advanced and
beginner user and greatly extends the use of Archive. To order
on microdrive send two formatted microdrives, too much for one!
3) QLUSTER ISSUE DISK by Al Feng- Q@1 utilities to unclutter your
disks and microdrives. COPY, DELETE, FORMAT, PRINT, VIEW, plus
extended use of some Tool Kit 2 commands. TK2 is required. These
are TURBO compiled for speed. Multitasks and uses minimal key
presses. Includes Fast-Disk and Vegemat2, a super clone making
program. Also Snap Shot-a directory column or condensed printout
program.
4) DOS EMULATOR COMPANION ISSUE DISK by Al Feng- Just released
in Oct. issue. Makes better use of Solution, PC Conqueror,
DisCover, XOVER, @Luster and scr_codes. If you are going to use
the emulators, then check this out, you won’t regret this buy.
5) QLuMSi DOS by Al Feng- a MSDOS simulator and front end
program for the OL, also includes other programs by AL Feng for
file management and cloning of programs. A Great Learning Tool
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS invites you to submit software programs
that may become Issue Disks. Please submit program on disk, with
documentation end article to accompany the program. We are here
to get North American software available and known. We solicit
programs, tips, reviews and utilities for future issues.
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